社区药店作为成瘾治疗的切入点。
Community pharmacies as access points for addiction treatment.
机构信息
Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, United States.
University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, United States.
出版信息
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2019 Apr;15(4):404-409. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.06.006. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
BACKGROUND
There is growing interest in utilizing community pharmacies to support opioid abuse prevention and addiction treatment efforts. However, it is unknown whether the placement of community pharmacies is conducive to taking on such a role.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the distribution of community pharmacies in Wisconsin and its relationship with the location of addiction treatment facilities and opioid-related overdose events in rural and urban areas.
METHODS
The total number of opioid-related overdose deaths and crude death rates per 100,000 population were determined for each county in Wisconsin. Substance abuse treatment facilities were identified in each county to estimate access to formal addiction treatment. A list of pharmacies in the state was screened to identify community pharmacies in each county. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to describe the distribution of and relationships between county-level opioid-related overdose death rates and the number of treatment facilities and community pharmacies in the state.
RESULTS
Wisconsin has 72 counties, of which 45 (62.5%) are classified as rural. Although the number of opioid-related overdose deaths was highly concentrated in urban areas, crude death rates per 100,000 population were similar in urban and rural areas. Rural counties were significantly less likely to have formal substance abuse treatment facilities (r = -.42, P = .00) or community pharmacies (r = -.44, P = .00) compared to urban counties. However, community pharmacies were more prevalent and more likely to be located in rural counties with higher rates of opioid-related overdose deaths than substance abuse treatment facilities. All but 1 of the 14 counties without a formal substance abuse treatment facility had access to 1 or more community pharmacies.
CONCLUSIONS
Community pharmacies are ideally located in areas that could be used to support medication-assisted addiction treatment efforts, particularly in rural areas lacking formal substance abuse treatment facilities.
背景
利用社区药店来支持阿片类药物滥用预防和成瘾治疗工作的兴趣日益浓厚。然而，目前尚不清楚社区药店的布局是否有利于承担这一角色。
目的
研究威斯康星州社区药店的分布情况及其与农村和城市地区成瘾治疗设施和阿片类药物相关过量用药事件位置的关系。
方法
确定威斯康星州每个县的阿片类药物相关过量死亡人数和每 10 万人的粗死亡率。确定每个县的药物滥用治疗设施，以估计获得正规成瘾治疗的机会。筛选该州的药店名单，以确定每个县的社区药店。使用描述性统计和 Pearson 相关系数来描述县一级阿片类药物相关过量死亡率与州内治疗设施和社区药店数量的分布和关系。
结果
威斯康星州有 72 个县，其中 45 个（62.5%）被归类为农村。尽管阿片类药物相关过量死亡人数高度集中在城市地区，但每 10 万人的粗死亡率在城市和农村地区相似。与城市县相比，农村县的正规药物滥用治疗设施（r=-.42，P=0.00）或社区药店（r=-.44，P=0.00）明显较少。然而，与药物滥用治疗设施相比，农村县的社区药店更为普遍，且更有可能位于阿片类药物相关过量死亡率较高的地区。在没有正规药物滥用治疗设施的 14 个县中，除 1 个县外，其余县都有 1 家或多家社区药店。
结论
社区药店理想地位于可以支持药物辅助成瘾治疗工作的地区，特别是在缺乏正规药物滥用治疗设施的农村地区。
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