Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2019 Jun;38(3):1324-1331. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.023. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
We aimed to examine the associations of leisure-time physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with the prevalence of sarcopenia, body composition and muscle strength among older adults having overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, from the PREDIMED-Plus trial.
Cross-sectional baseline analysis including 1539 men and women (65 ± 5 y). Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass (according to FNIH cut-offs) plus low muscle strength (lowest sex-specific tertile for 30-s chair-stand test). We applied multivariable-adjusted Cox regression with robust variance and constant time (given the cross-sectional design) for the associations of self-reported leisure-time PA and SB with sarcopenia; and multivariable-linear regression for the associations with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mass, fat mass, lean mass and lower-limb muscle strength.
Inverse associations were observed between sarcopenia and each hourly increment in total [prevalence ratio 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.70, 0.93)], moderate [0.80 (0.66, 0.97)], vigorous [0.51 (0.32, 0.84)], and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) [0.74 (0.62, 0.89)]. Incrementing 1-h/day total-PA and MVPA was inversely associated with body-mass-index, waist circumference (WC), fat mass, and positively associated with bone mass and lower-limb muscle strength (all P <.05). One h/day increase in total SB, screen-based SB and TV-viewing was positively associated with body-mass-index, WC and fat mass. Light-PA was not significantly associated with any outcome.
Total-PA and PA at moderate and high intensities may protect against the prevalence of sarcopenia, have a beneficial role on body composition and prevent loss of muscle strength. SB, particularly TV-viewing, may have detrimental effects on body composition in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.
我们旨在研究在超重/肥胖和代谢综合征的老年人中，休闲时间体力活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）与肌少症、身体成分和肌肉力量的患病率之间的关联，该研究来自 PREDIMED-Plus 试验。
本研究为横断面基线分析，共纳入 1539 名男性和女性（65±5 岁）。肌少症定义为低肌肉量（根据 FNIH 截止值）加上低肌肉力量（30 秒坐立试验中最低的性别特异性三分位值）。我们应用多变量调整的 Cox 回归和稳健方差（鉴于横截面设计）来分析自我报告的休闲时间 PA 和 SB 与肌少症之间的关联；以及多变量线性回归来分析与双能 X 线吸收法（DXA）衍生的骨量、脂肪量、瘦体量和下肢肌肉力量之间的关联。
与肌少症呈反比的是，每增加 1 小时的总 PA[患病率比 0.81（95%置信区间，0.70，0.93）]、中强度 PA[0.80（0.66，0.97）]、高强度 PA[0.51（0.32，0.84）]和中高强度 PA（MVPA）[0.74（0.62，0.89）]。每天增加 1 小时的总 PA 和 MVPA 与身体质量指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、脂肪量呈反比，与骨量和下肢肌肉力量呈正相关（均 P<.05）。每天增加 1 小时的总 SB、基于屏幕的 SB 和电视观看与 BMI、WC 和脂肪量呈正相关。低强度 PA 与任何结果均无显著相关性。
总 PA 和中高强度 PA 可能有助于预防肌少症的发生，对身体成分有有益作用，并防止肌肉力量的丧失。SB，特别是电视观看，可能对高心血管风险的老年人的身体成分产生不利影响。
