Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of the Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Aquaculture, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan, ROC.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2018 Sep;80:392-396. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.028. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides reared at 34‰ and 27 °C were abruptly transferred to 6‰, 20‰ and 34‰ (control) and examined for innate cellular and humoral parameters after 3-96 h. Total leucocyte count (TLC), respiratory burst (RB), phagocytic activity (PA), alternative complement pathway (ACP) and lysozyme activity were significantly decreased 3-6 h, 3-6 h, 3-96 h, 3-96 h and 3-96 h, respectively after transferal into 6‰ salinity. TLC, RB and PA significantly increased after 3-48 h, 3-96 h and 3-24 h, respectively, with recovery of TLC and PA after 96 h and 48-96 h, whereas ACP and lysozyme activity significantly decreased 3-96 h after being transferred to 20‰. In another experiment, grouper reared at 34‰ and 27 °C were injected with Vibrio alginolyticus grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB) at 2.3 × 10 colony-forming units (cfu) fish and then transferred to 6‰, 20‰ and 34‰ (control). The cumulative mortalities of V. alginolyticus-injected fish held in 6‰ were significantly higher than in injected fish held at 20‰ and 34‰. It was concluded that grouper E. coioides encountering a 34‰-6‰ salinity drop stress exhibited a depression in immunity as evidenced by decreased cellular and humoral parameters and increased susceptibility to V. alginolyticus. Grouper encountering a salinity stress drop from 34‰ to 20‰, however, exhibited decreased humoral immune parameters but also increased TLC and cellular immune parameters, indicating immunomodulation.
在 34‰和 27°C 下养殖的橙色斑点石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）被突然转移到 6‰、20‰和 34‰（对照组），并在 3-96 小时后检查先天细胞和体液参数。总白细胞计数（TLC）、呼吸爆发（RB）、吞噬活性（PA）、替代补体途径（ACP）和溶菌酶活性在转移到 6‰盐度后 3-6 小时、3-6 小时、3-96 小时、3-96 小时和 3-96 小时分别显著降低。TLC、RB 和 PA 在转移后 3-48 小时、3-96 小时和 3-24 小时分别显著增加，TLC 和 PA 在 96 小时和 48-96 小时后恢复，而 ACP 和溶菌酶活性在转移到 20‰后 3-96 小时显著降低。在另一个实验中，在 34‰和 27°C 下养殖的石斑鱼被注射在胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤（TSB）中生长的 Algino 溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginolyticus），浓度为 2.3×10 个菌落形成单位（cfu）/鱼，然后转移到 6‰、20‰和 34‰（对照组）。在 6‰中保持的 Algino 溶藻弧菌注射鱼的累积死亡率显著高于在 20‰和 34‰中保持的注射鱼。结论是，遇到 34‰-6‰盐度下降应激的橙色斑点石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）表现出免疫抑制，表现为细胞和体液参数降低，对 Algino 溶藻弧菌的易感性增加。然而，遇到从 34‰到 20‰盐度下降应激的石斑鱼表现出体液免疫参数降低，但也增加了总白细胞计数和细胞免疫参数，表明免疫调节。
