Professor of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Sep;366(3):498-508. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.247841. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is commonly considered the cellular correlate of learning and memory. In learning and memory impairments, LTP is invariably diminished in the hippocampus, the brain region responsible for memory formation. LTP is measured electrophysiologically in various areas of the hippocampus. Two mechanistically distinct phases of LTP have been identified: early phase LTP, related to short-term memory; and late-phase LTP, related to long-term memory. These two forms can be severely reduced in a variety of conditions but can be rescued by treatment with nicotine. This report reviews the literature on the beneficial effect of nicotine on LTP in conditions that compromise learning and memory.
长时程增强（LTP）通常被认为是学习和记忆的细胞相关性。在学习和记忆障碍中，海马体中的 LTP 总是会减少，而海马体是负责记忆形成的大脑区域。LTP 在海马体的各个区域通过电生理学进行测量。已经确定 LTP 有两个机制上不同的阶段：早期 LTP，与短期记忆有关；晚期 LTP，与长期记忆有关。这两种形式在各种情况下都可以严重减少，但可以通过尼古丁治疗来挽救。本报告综述了关于尼古丁对学习和记忆受损情况下 LTP 的有益作用的文献。
