School of Nursing, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 Oct;27(19-20):3497-3509. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14579. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
To explore nurse preceptors' experiences of caring for deteriorating patients while providing guidance and supervision to a new graduate nurse.
Fostering novice nurse development during high-stakes encounters may be challenging for preceptors. Despite myriad preceptor literature, there is limited published research on experience of caring for deteriorating patients while serving as preceptor to a novice nurse.
Qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis.
Data were collected through one-on-one, semistructured interviews between August 2016-September 2017 until data saturation occurred. Diekelmann's method was used to analyse the narratives of the purposive sample of 11 nurse preceptors.
The findings reveal the experience of preceptors as they balanced their role as nurse with preceptor role to ensure patient safety and novice nurse development. Supporting the novice to care portrays the ways preceptors facilitated novice nurse development in caring for deteriorating patients. Impacting the preceptor role was remembering their own novice experience. Knowing when to step in was influenced by the preceptor's clinical expertise as they came to know (or not) when it was necessary for them to assume care of the patient. Debriefing: an essential preceptor tool emerged as a critical aspect of the experience to review technical aspects of care, vent emotions and provide evaluative feedback and reassurance to the novice.
Preceptors' experiences of caring for deteriorating patients while precepting novice nurses require a balancing of roles to ensure patient safety and novice nurse development. Preceptors' clinical expertise was critical in knowing when to step in and assume care of the patient.
Caring for deteriorating patients while serving as preceptor to novice nurses requires clinical expertise to ensure patient safety and novice nurse development. Clinical leaders may use the findings from this study to improve preceptor development and support.
探索护士导师在指导新毕业护士时照顾病情恶化患者的经验。
在高风险情况下培养新手护士的发展可能对导师来说具有挑战性。尽管有大量的导师文献，但关于在担任新手护士导师的同时照顾病情恶化患者的经验的研究有限。
定性解释现象学分析。
数据收集于 2016 年 8 月至 2017 年 9 月期间通过一对一的半结构化访谈进行，直到数据饱和。采用迪克尔曼的方法对 11 名护士导师的目的样本的叙述进行分析。
研究结果揭示了导师在平衡其护士角色和导师角色以确保患者安全和新手护士发展方面的经验。支持新手护士护理描述了导师在照顾病情恶化患者时促进新手护士发展的方式。影响导师角色的是记住自己作为新手的经验。知道何时介入受到导师临床专业知识的影响，因为他们逐渐了解（或不了解）何时需要承担患者的护理责任。辅导：作为导师经验的一个重要工具，是审查护理技术方面、宣泄情绪以及为新手提供评估反馈和保证的关键方面。
导师在指导新手护士时照顾病情恶化患者的经验需要平衡角色，以确保患者安全和新手护士发展。导师的临床专业知识对于知道何时介入并承担患者的护理责任至关重要。
在担任新手护士导师的同时照顾病情恶化患者需要临床专业知识，以确保患者安全和新手护士的发展。临床领导者可以利用本研究的结果来改进导师的发展和支持。
