Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Open Evidence Research, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2018 Sep;26(5):394-416. doi: 10.1002/erv.2609. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
To systematically review the existing evidence of mobile health (mHealth) tools for the treatment of eating disorders (ED).
Electronic databases (Pubmed, PsycInfo, and SCOPUS) were searched, and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Selected studies were divided into three categories according to the intended purpose of the mHealth tools used: (a) sole means of support, (b) complementary to standard face-to-face treatment, and (c) for relapse prevention. Additionally, studies were assessed on efficacy, qualitative information, and methodological quality.
Fifteen studies were identified. Most studies using mHealth as a sole means of intervention or adjunct to traditional therapy showed no effects, although an improvement at postassessment was present in vodcast, smartphone application, and text-messaging interventions. Between group effects were only found for a text-messaging intervention for relapse prevention. Qualitative analyses showed that most mHealth interventions were considered as acceptable, supporting, and motivating by patients and therapists, although different important problems were observed in individual studies.
Limited effects were found for mHealth interventions to reduce ED-related symptoms. A common evaluation framework for ED mHealth interventions should be proposed to assess the validity of interventions before implementing them on a larger scale in clinical practice.
系统综述移动医疗（mHealth）工具在治疗饮食失调（ED）中的现有证据。
检索电子数据库（Pubmed、PsycInfo 和 SCOPUS），并遵循 PRISMA 指南。根据使用的 mHealth 工具的预期目的，将选定的研究分为三类：（a）唯一支持手段，（b）补充标准面对面治疗，（c）用于预防复发。此外，还评估了研究的疗效、定性信息和方法学质量。
确定了 15 项研究。尽管视频播客、智能手机应用程序和短信干预措施在评估后显示出改善，但大多数将 mHealth 作为单一干预手段或传统治疗的辅助手段的研究都没有效果。仅在预防复发的短信干预措施中发现了组间效果。定性分析表明，大多数 mHealth 干预措施被患者和治疗师认为是可接受、支持和激励的，尽管在个别研究中观察到了不同的重要问题。
mHealth 干预措施对减少 ED 相关症状的效果有限。应提出针对 ED mHealth 干预措施的通用评估框架，以便在更大规模的临床实践中实施干预措施之前评估其有效性。
