CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR8198-Evo-Eco-Paleo, Lille, France.
CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES Paris, Paris, France.
J Evol Biol. 2018 Sep;31(9):1377-1385. doi: 10.1111/jeb.13340. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
Sex-biased dispersal is a much-discussed feature in literature on dispersal. Diverse hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of sex-biased dispersal, a difference in dispersal rate or dispersal distance between males and females. An early hypothesis has indicated that it may rely on the difference in sex chromosomes between males and females. However, this proposal was quickly rejected without a real assessment. We propose a new perspective on this hypothesis by investigating the evolution of sex-biased dispersal when dispersal genes are sex-linked, that is when they are located on the sex chromosomes. We show that individuals of the heterogametic sex disperse relatively more than do individuals of the homogametic sex when dispersal genes are sex-linked rather than autosomal. Although such a sex-biased dispersal towards the heterogametic sex is always observed in monogamous species, the mating system and the location of dispersal genes interact to modulate sex-biased dispersal in monandry and polyandry. In the context of the multicausality of dispersal, we suggest that sex-linked dispersal genes can influence the evolution of sex-biased dispersal.
性二型扩散是扩散文献中讨论较多的一个特征。已经提出了多种假设来解释性二型扩散的进化，即雄性和雌性之间的扩散率或扩散距离的差异。一个早期的假设表明，它可能依赖于雄性和雌性之间性染色体的差异。然而，这一建议在没有真正评估的情况下很快被否定了。我们通过研究当扩散基因位于性染色体上（即性连锁时）时，性二型扩散的进化，为这一假设提供了一个新的视角。我们表明，当扩散基因是性连锁而不是常染色体时，异配子个体的扩散比同配子个体相对更多。尽管这种向异配子的性二型扩散在一夫一妻制物种中总是观察到，但交配系统和扩散基因的位置相互作用，以调节单配和多配中的性二型扩散。在扩散的多因性背景下，我们认为性连锁的扩散基因可以影响性二型扩散的进化。
