Kim Jin Ah, Choi Hayon Michelle, Seo Yunhee, Kang Dae Ryong
College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
BMC Oral Health. 2018 Jun 22;18(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s12903-018-0576-5.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among obesity, family socioeconomic status, oral health behaviors, and dental caries and to identify possible differences in factors related with dental caries according to gender among a representative sample of Korean adolescents.
Data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted between 2010 and 2012. This nationally representative cross-sectional survey included approximately 10,000 individuals, including adolescents, each year as a survey sample, and collected information on socioeconomic status, health-related behaviors, quality of life, healthcare utilization, anthropometric measures, biochemical and clinical profiles for non-communicable diseases, and dietary intake via three component surveys (health interview, health examination, and nutrition survey). The health interview and health examination were conducted by trained staff members. A total of 1646 adolescents of ages 13 to 18 years old were included in this study; there were 879 males and 767 females. Data were analyzed by t-test, X-test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses using SAS 9.4 and 'R' statistical software for Windows to account for the complex sampling design.
In males, significant associations between family income and dental caries on permanent teeth were noted after adjusting for confounding variables; the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals thereof were 0.43(0.24-0.76), 0.41(0.24-0.70), and 0.28(0.16-0.49) for low-middle, middle-high, and high family income, respectively. Smoking experience showed a significant association with dental caries on permanent teeth in females. Oral health behaviors, such as tooth brushing frequency, were associated with dental caries in only male adolescents. There was no association between obesity and dental caries on permanent teeth in either male or female adolescents.
The present study demonstrated that factors associated with dental caries in adolescents differ according to gender. Therefore, gender-specific interventions may be warranted to improve dental health among adolescents.
本研究旨在探讨肥胖、家庭社会经济地位、口腔健康行为与龋齿之间的关系，并在韩国青少年代表性样本中确定与龋齿相关因素在性别上的可能差异。
数据来自2010年至2012年进行的韩国国家健康与营养检查调查。这项具有全国代表性的横断面调查每年纳入约10,000人，包括青少年作为调查样本，并通过三项组成调查（健康访谈、健康检查和营养调查）收集社会经济地位、健康相关行为、生活质量、医疗保健利用、人体测量指标、非传染性疾病的生化和临床特征以及饮食摄入等信息。健康访谈和健康检查由经过培训的工作人员进行。本研究共纳入1646名13至18岁的青少年；其中男性879名，女性767名。使用SAS 9.4和适用于Windows的“R”统计软件对数据进行t检验、X检验以及单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以考虑复杂的抽样设计。
在男性中，调整混杂变量后，家庭收入与恒牙龋齿之间存在显著关联；低收入中等、中等高收入和高家庭收入的比值比及其95%置信区间分别为0.43（0.24 - 0.76）、0.41（0.24 - 0.70）和0.28（0.16 - 0.49）。吸烟经历在女性中与恒牙龋齿存在显著关联。口腔健康行为，如刷牙频率，仅在男性青少年中与龋齿有关。男性和女性青少年的肥胖与恒牙龋齿之间均无关联。
本研究表明，青少年中与龋齿相关的因素因性别而异。因此，可能需要针对性别的干预措施来改善青少年的口腔健康。
