Niu Lei, Xu Jianlin, Yang Wenlong, Ma Jiqiang, Zhao Jinqiang, Kang Chenghu, Su Jiaqiang
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Baiyin Research Institute of Novel Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Baiyin 730900, China.
Materials (Basel). 2018 Jun 22;11(7):1060. doi: 10.3390/ma11071060.
Nano-Sb₂O₃ has excellent synergistic flame-retardant effects. It can effectively improve the comprehensive physical and mechanical properties of composites, reduce the use of flame retardants, save resources, and protect the environment. In this work, nanocomposites specimens were prepared by the melt-blending method. The thermal stability, mechanical properties, and flame retardancy of a nano-Sb₂O₃⁻brominated epoxy resin (BEO)⁻poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) composite were analyzed, using TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), coupled with EDX analysis, tensile testing, cone calorimeter tests, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flammability tests (limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL94). SEM observations showed that the nano-Sb₂O₃ particles were homogeneously distributed within the PBT matrix, and the thermal stability of PBT was improved. Moreover, the degree of crystallinity and the tensile strength were improved, as a result of the superior dispersion and interfacial interactions between nano-Sb₂O₃ and PBT. At the same time, the limiting oxygen index and flame-retardant grade were increased as the nano-Sb₂O₃ content increased. The results from the cone calorimeter test showed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), peak carbon dioxide production (PCO₂P), and peak carbon monoxide production (PCOP) of the nanocomposites were obviously reduced, compared to those of the neat PBT matrix. Meanwhile, the SEM⁻energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX) analysis of the residues indicated that a higher amount of C element was left, thus the charring layer of the nanocomposites was compact. This showed that nano-Sb₂O₃ could promote the degradation and charring of the PBT matrix, improving thermal stability and flame retardation.
纳米三氧化二锑具有优异的协同阻燃效果。它能有效提高复合材料的综合物理和机械性能，减少阻燃剂的使用，节约资源并保护环境。在本工作中，通过熔融共混法制备了纳米复合材料试样。使用热重分析（TGA）和差示扫描量热法（DSC），结合能谱分析（EDX）、拉伸试验、锥形量热仪测试以及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和燃烧性能测试（极限氧指数（LOI）、UL94），对纳米三氧化二锑-溴化环氧树脂（BEO）-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）复合材料的热稳定性、机械性能和阻燃性进行了分析。SEM观察表明，纳米三氧化二锑颗粒均匀分布在PBT基体中，PBT的热稳定性得到提高。此外，由于纳米三氧化二锑与PBT之间优异的分散性和界面相互作用，结晶度和拉伸强度也得到了提高。同时，随着纳米三氧化二锑含量的增加，极限氧指数和阻燃等级提高。锥形量热仪测试结果表明，与纯PBT基体相比，纳米复合材料的热释放速率峰值（PHRR）、总热释放速率（THR）、二氧化碳生成速率峰值（PCO₂P）和一氧化碳生成速率峰值（PCOP）明显降低。同时，对残留物的SEM-能谱分析（EDX）表明，留下了更多的C元素，因此纳米复合材料的炭化层致密。这表明纳米三氧化二锑可促进PBT基体的降解和炭化，提高热稳定性和阻燃性。
