a Mestrado em Biociências, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil.
b Departamento de Alimentos Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Jan;44(1):13-21. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0859. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
Nutritional recovery of early malnutrition with a soybean diet reduces liver glycogen stores in the fed state and produces liver insulin resistance. We investigated whether nutritional recovery on a soybean flour diet alters hepatic gluconeogenesis in the adult offspring of rats deprived of protein during pregnancy and lactation. Male rats from mothers that were fed either 17% (C) or 6% (L) protein during pregnancy and lactation were maintained on a 17% casein (CC, n = 16 and LC, n = 17), 17% soybean flour (CS, n = 10 and LS, n = 10), or 6% casein (LL, n = 10) diet after weaning. The soybean diet reduced basal serum glucose (soybean diet, 5.6 ± 0.6 mmol/L vs. casein diet, 6.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L; p < 0.05) but increased alanine aminotransferase mRNA/GAPDH (soybean diet, 0.062 ± 0.038 vs. casein diet, 0.024 ± 0.011; p < 0.01), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA/GAPDH (soybean diet, 1.53 ± 0.52 vs. casein diet, 0.95 ± 0.43; p < 0.05), and glycerokinase protein content (soybean diet, 0.86 ± 0.08 vs. casein diet, 0.75 ± 0.11; p < 0.05). The serum glucose concentration (recovered groups, 5.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L vs. control groups, 6.2 ± 0.7 mmol/L; p < 0.05) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity (recovered groups, 2.8 ± 0.6 μU/mg vs. control groups, 3.6 ± 0.6 μU/mg; p < 0.05) were decreased in rats subjected to protein restriction in early life. The glucose area under the curve during the pyruvate tolerance test did not differ among groups, whereas glucose area under the curve after glucagon infusion was reduced by early malnutrition (recovered groups, 4210 ± 572 mg/dL·40 min vs. control groups, 4493 ± 688 mg/dL·40 min; p < 0.001) and by the soybean diet (soybean diet, 3995 ± 500 mg/dL·40 min vs. casein diet, 4686 ± 576 mg/dL·40 min; p < 0.05). Thus, the soybean diet impaired the response to glucagon but did not alter gluconeogenesis.
早期营养不良用大豆饮食进行营养恢复会减少进食状态下的肝糖原储存，并导致肝胰岛素抵抗。我们研究了在怀孕和哺乳期蛋白质缺乏的大鼠的成年后代中，用大豆粉饮食进行营养恢复是否会改变肝糖异生。在怀孕和哺乳期分别喂食 17%（C）或 6%（L）蛋白质的雄性大鼠，在断奶后分别喂食 17%酪蛋白（CC，n=16 和 LC，n=17）、17%大豆粉（CS，n=10 和 LS，n=10）或 6%酪蛋白（LL，n=10）饮食。大豆饮食降低了基础血清葡萄糖（大豆饮食，5.6±0.6mmol/L 比酪蛋白饮食，6.2±0.6mmol/L；p<0.05），但增加了丙氨酸氨基转移酶 mRNA/GAPDH（大豆饮食，0.062±0.038 比酪蛋白饮食，0.024±0.011；p<0.01）、磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶 mRNA/GAPDH（大豆饮食，1.53±0.52 比酪蛋白饮食，0.95±0.43；p<0.05）和甘油激酶蛋白含量（大豆饮食，0.86±0.08 比酪蛋白饮食，0.75±0.11；p<0.05）。血清葡萄糖浓度（恢复组，5.6±0.5mmol/L 比对照组，6.2±0.7mmol/L；p<0.05）和磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶活性（恢复组，2.8±0.6μU/mg 比对照组，3.6±0.6μU/mg；p<0.05）在生命早期遭受蛋白质限制的大鼠中降低。丙酮酸耐量试验期间的葡萄糖曲线下面积在各组之间没有差异，而胰高血糖素输注后的葡萄糖曲线下面积在早期营养不良（恢复组，4210±572mg/dL·40min 比对照组，4493±688mg/dL·40min；p<0.001）和大豆饮食（大豆饮食，3995±500mg/dL·40min 比酪蛋白饮食，4686±576mg/dL·40min；p<0.05）时降低。因此，大豆饮食损害了对胰高血糖素的反应，但没有改变肝糖异生。
