Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.
Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018 Sep;42(9):1756-1768. doi: 10.1111/acer.13819. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
The main objective of this study was to test proposed mediators and moderators of a personalized feedback alcohol intervention (PFI) on alcohol use. Data for the current investigation came from an earlier randomized controlled trial of a PFI targeted for nonstudent heavy drinkers between 18 and 25 years.
Participants were 164 (65.9% men) drinkers recruited from the community. They were randomly assigned to either a single-session PFI or an assessment-only (AO) control group. Follow-up assessments at 1 and 3 months were included for analysis.
Perceived drinking norms mediated the intervention effect on quantity, frequency, and peak drinking; 2 dimensions of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) mediated the intervention effect on peak drinking; and drinking to cope motives did not mediate any drinking outcomes. Of the moderating factors examined (i.e., norms, PBS, drink to cope motives, age, gender), only PBS related to serious harm reduction moderated intervention impact. Specifically, for those high in serious harm reduction PBS at baseline, postintervention reductions in drinking were stronger for the PFI group compared to AO.
Overall, findings highlight the importance of correcting misperceived drinking norms and addressing the use of specific PBS in brief interventions. The knowledge gained from this study represents an important step toward minimizing drinking-related harms that are disproportionately experienced by those with lower educational attainment.
本研究的主要目的是检验个性化反馈酒精干预（PFI）对酒精使用的中介和调节因素。本研究的数据来自之前一项针对 18-25 岁非学生重度饮酒者的 PFI 的随机对照试验。
参与者为 164 名（65.9%为男性）社区招募的饮酒者。他们被随机分配到单次 PFI 组或仅评估（AO）对照组。包括 1 个月和 3 个月的随访评估进行分析。
感知饮酒规范中介了干预对饮酒量、频率和峰值饮酒的影响；保护行为策略（PBS）的 2 个维度中介了干预对峰值饮酒的影响；而饮酒应对动机并未介导任何饮酒结果。在检查的调节因素中（即规范、PBS、饮酒应对动机、年龄、性别），只有与严重伤害减少相关的 PBS 调节了干预效果。具体来说，对于基线时 PBS 严重伤害减少较高的个体，与 AO 相比，PFI 组在干预后的饮酒量减少更强。
总体而言，研究结果强调了在简短干预中纠正错误感知的饮酒规范和解决特定 PBS 使用的重要性。本研究获得的知识是朝着减少那些受教育程度较低的人过度经历的与饮酒相关的伤害迈出的重要一步。
