Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Cyprus; Center of Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
J Psychosom Res. 2018 Aug;111:100-115. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.06.001. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
According to the cognitive-behavioral model, illness anxiety is developed and maintained through biased processing of health-threatening information and maladaptive responses to such information.
This study is a systematic review of research that attempted to validate central tenets of the cognitive-behavioral model regarding etiological and maintenance mechanisms in illness anxiety.
Sixty-two studies, including correlational and experimental designs, were identified through a systematic search of databases and were evaluated for their quality.
Outcomes were synthesized following a qualitative thematic approach under categories of theoretically driven mechanisms derived from the cognitive-behavioral model: attention, memory and interpretation biases, perceived awareness and inaccuracy in perception of somatic sensations, negativity bias, emotion dysregulation, and behavioral avoidance.
Findings partly support the cognitive-behavioral model, but several of its hypothetical mechanisms only receive weak support due to the scarcity of relevant studies. Directions for future research are suggested based on identified gaps in the existing literature.
根据认知行为模型，疾病焦虑是通过对威胁健康的信息进行有偏差的处理以及对这些信息做出不适应的反应而发展和维持的。
本研究是对试图验证疾病焦虑症的病因学和维持机制的认知行为模型的核心原则的研究进行的系统综述。
通过对数据库的系统搜索，确定了 62 项研究，包括相关设计和实验设计，并对其质量进行了评估。
根据认知行为模型中得出的理论驱动机制类别，采用定性主题方法对结果进行了综合：注意、记忆和解释偏差、对躯体感觉的感知意识和不准确性、消极偏见、情绪失调和行为回避。
研究结果部分支持认知行为模型，但由于相关研究较少，其几个假设机制仅得到微弱支持。根据现有文献中的差距，提出了未来研究的方向。
