a Department of Applied Zootechnics , Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia.
b Department of Animal Science , University of Ljubljana , Domžale , Slovenia.
Anim Biotechnol. 2019 Jul;30(3):242-251. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2018.1478847. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
The evaluation of the genetic structure of autochthonous pig breeds is very important for conservation of local pig breeds and preservation of diversity. In this study, 18 microsatellite loci were used to detect genetic relationship between autochthonous pig breeds [Black Slavonian (BS), Turopolje pig (TP), and Croatian wild boar] and to determine phylogenetic relationship among Croatian autochthonous pig breeds and certain Asian and European pigs using the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequence polymorphism. Relatively high degree of genetic variation was found between the observed populations. The analysis of mtDNA showed that haplotypes of the studied pig populations are different from the other European and Chinese haplotypes. BS pigs showed some similarities with Mangalitsa and Duroc breeds. The genetic distances of TP can be explained by high degree of inbreeding during the past century. Despite the European origin of Croatian pig breeds with some impact of Chinese breeds in the past, the results of present study show that genetic diversity is still pronounced within investigated breeds. Furthermore, the genetic diversity is even more pronounced between Croatian breeds and other European and Chinese pig breeds. Thus, conservation of Croatian pig breeds will contribute to overall genetic diversity preservation of pig breeds.
对本地猪种遗传结构的评估对于保护本地猪种和保持多样性非常重要。在本研究中，使用 18 个微卫星标记来检测本地猪种（黑斯拉沃尼亚猪（BS）、图罗波尔猪（TP）和克罗地亚野猪）之间的遗传关系，并使用线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）D-环序列多态性确定克罗地亚本地猪种与某些亚洲和欧洲猪种之间的系统发育关系。观察到的种群之间存在相对较高的遗传变异程度。mtDNA 分析表明，研究猪种群的单倍型与其他欧洲和中国单倍型不同。BS 猪与曼加利察猪和杜洛克猪有一些相似之处。TP 的遗传距离可以用过去一个世纪中高度近亲繁殖来解释。尽管克罗地亚猪种起源于欧洲，过去曾受到中国猪种的影响，但本研究的结果表明，在所研究的品种内仍然存在明显的遗传多样性。此外，克罗地亚品种与其他欧洲和中国猪种之间的遗传多样性更为显著。因此，保护克罗地亚猪种将有助于保护猪种的整体遗传多样性。
