Molinaro Alyssa M, Pearson Bret J
Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Int J Dev Biol. 2018;62(6-7-8):527-535. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.180066bp.
Historically, planarian neoblasts were thought to be a homogeneous population of pluripotent stem cells; however, recent population and single-cell level analyses have refuted this idea. Evidence for lineage commitment at the neoblast level has been provided via a number of independent studies using a variety of methods. In situ hybridization experiments first demonstrated the co-expression of lineage-specific markers in neoblasts (marked by piwi-1 expression) isolated by FACS. Subsequently, single cell transcriptomic analyses of FACS-isolated neoblasts uncovered broad lineage-primed neoblast classes based on the clustering of transcriptional profiles and expression of known tissue-specific markers. Additionally, single neoblast pluripotency (and fate restriction) has been demonstrated by single cell transplantation experiments into neoblast-void animals. Here we look to recount the current status of the planarian neoblast field and offer discussion on the caveats of neoblast biology and how to address them experimentally.
从历史上看，涡虫新细胞被认为是多能干细胞的同质群体；然而，最近的群体和单细胞水平分析驳斥了这一观点。通过许多使用各种方法的独立研究，已经提供了新细胞水平上谱系定向的证据。原位杂交实验首先证明了通过荧光激活细胞分选（FACS）分离的新细胞（以piwi-1表达为标记）中谱系特异性标记的共表达。随后，对FACS分离的新细胞进行的单细胞转录组分析，基于转录谱的聚类和已知组织特异性标记的表达，发现了广泛的谱系预启动新细胞类别。此外，通过将单个新细胞移植到无新细胞的动物体内的实验，证明了单个新细胞的多能性（和命运限制）。在这里，我们将叙述涡虫新细胞领域的当前状况，并讨论新细胞生物学的注意事项以及如何通过实验解决这些问题。
