Guindani Aline Nobre, Nondillo Aline, Pacheco da Silva Vitor C, Andzeiewski Simone, Azevedo Filho Wilson S de, Bueno Odair C, Botton Marcos
Laboratório de Entomolgia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil.
Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Vacaria, RS, Brazil.
Environ Entomol. 2018 Oct 3;47(5):1209-1215. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvy089.
The mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has recently been detected in vineyards in southern Brazil. The ant Linepithema micans (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is the most abundant and frequent species in these vineyards, acting mainly as a disperser of the native soil scale, the ground pearl Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae). This study evaluated the interactions (dispersal and predation) of L. micans with P. ficus. The first experiment evaluated the interaction between L. micans and P. ficus in a greenhouse, using Paulsen 1103 rootstock (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris) planted in pots. Plants were infested by 1) adult females of P. ficus, and 2) adult females of P. ficus and L. micans, and all mealybugs remaining after the experimental period were counted. To evaluate P. ficus predation by L. micans, two laboratory experiments were conducted (25°C, 80% relative humidity). In the first experiment, sprouted potatoes were infested with ovisacs, first-instar nymphs and adult females of P. ficus and evaluated in three treatments: 1) L. micans fed with carbohydrate and protein, 2) L. micans without food, and 3) without ants present. In the second, potatoes were infested only with first-instar nymphs of P. ficus and were exposed in two treatments: 1) L. micans without food, and 2) without ants present. The results were evaluated by counting the remaining mealybugs, with and without ants. The results showed that L. micans does not transport P. ficus, and predates on first-instar nymphs of the mealybug.
粉蚧类葡萄粉蚧（Signoret）（半翅目：粉蚧科）最近在巴西南部的葡萄园被发现。蚂蚁微小线蚁（Forel）（膜翅目：蚁科）是这些葡萄园中数量最多且最常见的物种，主要作为本地土壤蚧虫——巴西根珠蚧（Wille）（半翅目：绵蚧科）的传播者。本研究评估了微小线蚁与葡萄粉蚧之间的相互作用（传播和捕食）。第一个实验在温室中评估微小线蚁与葡萄粉蚧的相互作用，使用种植在花盆中的保尔森1103砧木（河岸葡萄×沙地葡萄）。植株受到以下两种情况侵染：1）葡萄粉蚧雌成虫，以及2）葡萄粉蚧雌成虫和微小线蚁，实验期结束后统计所有剩余的粉蚧数量。为了评估微小线蚁对葡萄粉蚧的捕食情况，进行了两个实验室实验（25℃，相对湿度80%）。在第一个实验中，发芽的土豆被葡萄粉蚧的卵囊、一龄若虫和雌成虫侵染，并在三种处理下进行评估：1）喂食碳水化合物和蛋白质的微小线蚁，2）未喂食的微小线蚁，以及3）无蚂蚁存在的情况。在第二个实验中，土豆仅被葡萄粉蚧一龄若虫侵染，并设置两种处理：1）未喂食的微小线蚁，以及2）无蚂蚁存在的情况。通过统计有蚂蚁和无蚂蚁情况下剩余的粉蚧数量来评估结果。结果表明，微小线蚁不会传播葡萄粉蚧，且会捕食粉蚧的一龄若虫。
