人工耳蜗植入术前人格因素能否预测成年后天聋患者人工耳蜗植入后的听力相关生活质量？

Do Personality Factors Assessed Before Cochlear Implantation Predict Hearing-Related Quality Of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Postlingually Deafened Adults?

机构信息

Department for Hearing, Speech and Voice Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

出版信息

Ear Hear. 2019 Mar/Apr;40(2):418-425. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000626.

DOI:10.1097/AUD.0000000000000626

PMID:29939862

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Studies have shown that cochlear implants improve deaf patients' hearing-related quality of life (hrQoL), but the degree of improvement varies considerably between patients. This study investigated whether personality factors contribute to hrQoL outcome after cochlear implantation.

METHOD

Fifty adult patients with postlingual hearing loss who received a unilateral cochlear implant were administered the Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; a personality inventory) and the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ; a hrQoL questionnaire). The NEO-FFI was administered only before implantation; the NCIQ was administered before implantation and 12 months after implant activation. A linear regression analysis was computed to detect whether NCIQ scores at 12 months were predicted by the NEO-FFI personality factors (i.e., Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) assessed before implantation.

RESULTS

HrQoL scores had significantly improved 12 months after cochlear implantation in all subdomains of the NCIQ. Of the five personality factors, solely Neuroticism was negatively associated to the NCIQ subdomain self-esteem (β = -0.34; p = 0.013) at 12 months after cochlear implantation.

CONCLUSIONS

While significant improvement of hrQoL was seen 12 months after implant activation, this improvement was barely predicted by the Big-Five personality traits measured before implantation. Only Neuroticism was found to moderately influence postimplantation hrQoL in our patients, in the way that higher degrees of Neuroticism tend to go along with lower degrees of self-esteem (as conceptualized by the NCIQ). The failure to detect personality effects on hrQoL could partly be due to the low levels of Extraversion and Openness to Experience observed in our sample of patients with hearing loss.

摘要

背景

研究表明，人工耳蜗植入可以改善聋人患者的听力相关生活质量（hearing-related quality of life，hrQoL），但患者之间的改善程度差异很大。本研究旨在探讨人格因素是否会影响人工耳蜗植入后的 hrQoL 结果。

方法

50 名成人后天性听力损失患者接受单侧人工耳蜗植入，并接受了神经质-外向性-开放性五因素人格问卷（Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory，NEO-FFI；人格问卷）和奈梅亨人工耳蜗植入问卷（Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire，NCIQ；hrQoL 问卷）评估。NEO-FFI 仅在植入前进行评估；NCIQ 则在植入前和植入激活后 12 个月进行评估。进行线性回归分析以检测植入前评估的 NEO-FFI 人格因素（即外向性、神经质、开放性、宜人性和尽责性）是否可以预测 12 个月时的 NCIQ 评分。

结果

所有 NCIQ 子领域的 hrQoL 评分在人工耳蜗植入后 12 个月均显著提高。在五个人格因素中，仅神经质与人工耳蜗植入后 12 个月的 NCIQ 子领域自尊呈负相关（β=-0.34；p=0.013）。

结论

尽管在植入激活后 12 个月时观察到了显著的 hrQoL 改善，但这种改善几乎无法通过植入前测量的五大人格特质来预测。只有神经质被发现对我们患者的植入后 hrQoL 产生了适度影响，其表现为神经质程度越高，自尊程度越低（正如 NCIQ 所概念化的那样）。在我们的听力损失患者样本中，观察到的外向性和开放性程度较低，这可能部分导致人格因素对 hrQoL 没有产生影响。