智力发育障碍中的健康指标：波莫纳-西班牙项目的主要发现。
Health indicators in intellectual developmental disorders: The key findings of the POMONA-ESP project.
作者信息
Folch Annabel, Salvador-Carulla Luis, Vicens Paloma, Cortés Maria José, Irazábal Marcia, Muñoz Silvia, Rovira Lluís, Orejuela Carmen, González Juan A, Martínez-Leal Rafael
机构信息
Intellectual Disability and Developmental Disorders Research Unit (UNIVIDD) - Fundació Villablanca, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
出版信息
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2019 Jan;32(1):23-34. doi: 10.1111/jar.12498. Epub 2018 Jun 27.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this paper was to summarize the main results of the POMONA-ESP project, the first study to explore health status in a large representative, randomized and stratified sample of people with intellectual developmental disorders in Spain.
METHODS
The POMONA-ESP project collected information about the health of 953 individuals with intellectual developmental disorders.
RESULTS
Diseases such as urinary incontinence, oral problems, epilepsy, constipation or obesity were highly prevalent among the participants; with gender-differentiated prevalences for certain conditions, and age and intellectual disability level as risk factors for disease. Overmedication was common in the sample, and drugs were often prescribed without any clinical indication or follow-up. The present authors also found a lack of important relevant information about the participant's health and a lack of adequate genetic counselling.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings may contribute to a better understanding of health status and needs of people with intellectual developmental disorders and suggest several courses of action to improve their health care.
背景
本文旨在总结POMONA - ESP项目的主要成果，该项目是西班牙首个针对具有智力发育障碍的大规模代表性、随机分层样本人群的健康状况进行探索的研究。
方法
POMONA - ESP项目收集了953名智力发育障碍者的健康信息。
结果
尿失禁、口腔问题、癫痫、便秘或肥胖等疾病在参与者中高度流行；某些疾病存在性别差异患病率，年龄和智力残疾水平是疾病的风险因素。样本中过度用药情况普遍，药物常常在没有任何临床指征或随访的情况下开具。本文作者还发现缺乏关于参与者健康的重要相关信息以及缺乏充分的遗传咨询。
结论
我们的研究结果可能有助于更好地理解智力发育障碍者的健康状况和需求，并提出改善其医疗保健的若干行动方案。
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