Weber Markus, Hillmann Axel
Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie der Universität Regensburg, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Kaiser-Karl V.-Allee 3, 93077, Bad Abbach, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2018 Jul;47(7):607-618. doi: 10.1007/s00132-018-3586-8.
The differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the skeleton is multifarious. Besides patient age, the localization and radiologic morphology provide important information for a closer differentiation. Juvenile and aneurysmal bone cysts represent two frequent entities in growing patients. The fluid content of the cysts helps in distinguishing between juvenile and aneurysmal bone cysts. Whereas juvenile bone cysts contain clear fluid, the content of aneurysmal bone cysts consists of blood combined with solid tissue. With respect to progression, aneurysmal bone cysts show a higher activity than solitary bone cysts. The treatment of juvenile bone cysts usually consists of curettage including filling with bone replacement material. For aneurysmal bone cysts the additional use of adjuvants is recommended. Bone cement is preferably used for filling. It shows favorable properties for prophylaxis of recurrence and facilitates the recognition of relapses. Both juvenile and aneurysmal bone cysts often show recurrences.
骨骼囊性病变的鉴别诊断多种多样。除患者年龄外，病变部位和放射学形态为进一步鉴别提供了重要信息。青少年骨囊肿和动脉瘤样骨囊肿是生长发育期患者中两种常见的病变类型。囊肿的液体成分有助于区分青少年骨囊肿和动脉瘤样骨囊肿。青少年骨囊肿含有清亮液体，而动脉瘤样骨囊肿的内容物则是血液与实体组织的混合物。在病变进展方面，动脉瘤样骨囊肿比孤立性骨囊肿具有更高的活性。青少年骨囊肿的治疗通常包括刮除术并填充骨替代材料。对于动脉瘤样骨囊肿，建议额外使用辅助治疗。骨水泥是填充的首选材料。它在预防复发方面具有良好的特性，并且便于识别复发情况。青少年骨囊肿和动脉瘤样骨囊肿都常出现复发。
