National Research Center of Geoanalysis, 26 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing, 100037, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(24):24111-24124. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2482-4. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
Soil near a Pb-Zn-Mn mine was polluted by mining, which may have an impact on human health via the food chain. To evaluate the pollution effects, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in vegetables were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometry. Lead species were analyzed by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). Phytoavailability of the elements was evaluated by bioaccumulation of the elements, the sequential extraction procedure, Pb species, and plant uptakes. The target health quotient (THQ) was calculated to evaluate the human health risks. It was found that (1) high concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb were detectable in vegetables, and bioaccumulation was in the order of Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > As > Cd; (2) phytoavailability of the elements was controlled mainly by the soluble fraction, and a linear relationship observed between the soluble fraction and bioaccumulation; (3) a new Pb-fulvic acid complex (Pb-FA) was identified by XANES in rhizosphere soil, and high content of Pb organic matter (60%) and soluble Pb (18%) were found; (4) both Cd and Zn accumulated in both of the Amaranthaceae and the Apiaceae families, indicating that the plants in the same family have the same bioaccumulation trend for the elements in the same group; (5) agricultural activities and plant growing increased phytoavailability of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn by decreasing the residual and raising the soluble and extractable fractions; (6) arsenic is top of the high health risks, followed by Pb, Cd, and Mn. Coriander, celery, and spinach were the top three highest health risks in the area.
受采矿影响，某 Pb-Zn-Mn 矿区周围土壤受到污染，这些污染物可能会通过食物链影响人类健康。为了评估污染的影响，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了蔬菜中的砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、锰（Mn）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）。采用 X 射线吸收近边结构（XANES）分析了 Pb 的形态。通过元素的生物累积、连续提取程序、Pb 形态和植物吸收来评估元素的植物可利用性。采用目标健康商数（THQ）来评估人体健康风险。结果表明：（1）蔬菜中可检测到高浓度的 As、Cd、Cr 和 Pb，生物累积顺序为 Mn＞Zn＞Cr＞Pb＞Cu＞As＞Cd；（2）元素的植物可利用性主要受可溶部分控制，且可溶部分与生物累积呈线性关系；（3）通过 XANES 鉴定出根际土壤中存在 Pb-腐殖酸配合物（Pb-FA），且发现高含量的 Pb 有机质（60%）和可溶 Pb（18%）；（4）在苋科和伞形科中均积累了 Cd 和 Zn，这表明同一科的植物对同一组元素具有相同的生物累积趋势；（5）农业活动和植物生长通过降低残留和提高可溶和可提取部分，增加了 As、Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 的植物可利用性；（6）砷的健康风险最高，其次是 Pb、Cd 和 Mn。该地区香菜、西芹和菠菜的健康风险最高。
