Hussain Jafrin F, Bordoloi Sabitry
Biodiversity Laboratory,Resource Management and Environment Section,Life Sciences Division,IASST,Vigyan Path,Paschim Boragaon,Garchuk,Guwahati 781035,Kamrup,Assam,India.
Microsc Microanal. 2018 Jun;24(3):310-317. doi: 10.1017/S1431927618000405.
This paper deals with the study of the surface morphology of barbels, upper lips, and adhesive discs in four hill stream fish species collected from Basistha River, a torrential river in Guwahati city, Assam, India. The four species belonging to the genus Garra namely, Garra gotyla (Gray, 1830), Garra gravelyi (Annandale, 1919), Garra stenorhynchus (Jerdon, 1849), and Garra nasuta (McClelland, 1838) were collected from the same torrential habitat. These fish revealed anatomical peculiarities in their barbels, lips, and adhesive discs which are believed to help them in adapting to such habitats. Organs exhibiting adaptive modifications (barbels, lips, and adhesive discs) were studied with the scanning electron microscope. The study primarily revealed the presence of type I and type II taste buds in the barbels, lips, and adhesive discs, and numerous unculi surrounded by microridges in the upper lips and adhesive discs. A cumulative, intercalated action of these organs enables these fish to adhere and adapt to rocky, torrential streams. Special ability to adapt to these habitats was reflected from the two types of taste buds (I and II) present in the barbels, and the clustering of excrescencies bearing unculi in the lips and adhesive discs of the fish.
本文研究了从印度阿萨姆邦古瓦哈蒂市一条湍急河流——巴希斯塔河中采集的四种山区溪流鱼类的触须、上唇和吸盘的表面形态。这四种鱼类均属于野鲮属，分别为戈氏野鲮（Garra gotyla，Gray，1830）、格拉维野鲮（Garra gravelyi，Annandale，1919）、窄吻野鲮（Garra stenorhynchus，Jerdon，1849）和长鼻野鲮（Garra nasuta，McClelland，1838），它们均采集自同一湍急栖息地。这些鱼类在触须、嘴唇和吸盘上呈现出解剖学上的独特之处，据信这些独特之处有助于它们适应此类栖息地。利用扫描电子显微镜对呈现出适应性改变的器官（触须、嘴唇和吸盘）进行了研究。该研究主要揭示了触须、嘴唇和吸盘中存在I型和II型味蕾，以及上唇和吸盘中有许多被微嵴包围的小丘。这些器官的累积、插入作用使这些鱼类能够附着并适应多岩石的湍急溪流。触须中存在的两种类型的味蕾（I型和II型），以及鱼的嘴唇和吸盘中带有小丘的赘生物的聚集，都反映了它们适应这些栖息地的特殊能力。
