a School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia.
b Sports Nutrition, Australian Institute of Sport, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Jan;44(1):37-46. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0176. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
This study investigated the effect of consuming different commercial beverages with food ad libitum after exercise on fluid, energy, and nutrient recovery in trained females. On 4 separate occasions, 8 females (body mass (BM): 61.8 ± 10.7 kg; maximal oxygen uptake: 46.3 ± 7.5 mL·kg·min) lost 2.0% ± 0.3% BM cycling at ∼75% maximal oxygen uptake before completing a 4-h recovery period with ad libitum access to 1 of 4 beverages: Water, Powerade (Sports Drink), Up & Go Reduced Sugar (Lower Sugar (LS)-MILK) or Up & Go Energize (Higher Protein (HP)-MILK). Participants also had two 15-min opportunities to access food within the first 2 h of the recovery period. Beverage intake, total water/nutrient intake, and indicators of fluid recovery (BM, urine output, plasma osmolality), gastrointestinal tolerance and palatability were assessed periodically. While total water intake (from food and beverage) (Water: 1918 ± 580 g; Sports Drink: 1809 ± 338 g; LS-MILK: 1458 ± 431 g; HP-MILK: 1523 ± 472 g; p = 0.010) and total urine output (Water: 566 ± 314 g; Sports Drink: 459 ± 290 g; LS-MILK: 220 ± 53 g; HP-MILK: 230 ± 117 g; p = 0.009) differed significantly by beverage, the quantity of ingested water retained was similar across treatments (Water: 1352 ± 462 g; Sports Drink: 1349 ± 407 g; LS-MILK: 1238 ± 400 g; HP-MILK: 1293 ± 453 g; p = 0.691). Total energy intake (from food and beverage) increased in proportion to the energy density of the beverage (Water: 4129 ± 1080 kJ; Sports Drink: 5167 ± 643 kJ; LS-MILK: 6019 ± 1925 kJ; HP-MILK: 7096 ± 2058 kJ; p = 0.014). When consumed voluntarily and with food, different beverages promote similar levels of fluid recovery, but alter energy/nutrient intakes. Providing access to food and understanding the longer-term dietary goals of female athletes are important considerations when recommending a recovery beverage.
本研究旨在调查运动后摄入不同商业饮料并随意进食对训练有素的女性的液体、能量和营养恢复的影响。在 4 个不同的场合，8 名女性（体重（BM）：61.8 ± 10.7 公斤；最大摄氧量：46.3 ± 7.5 毫升·公斤·分钟）以约 75%的最大摄氧量骑自行车，损失 2.0%±0.3%BM，然后在有随意摄入 4 种饮料之一的条件下完成 4 小时恢复期：水、Powerade（运动饮料）、Up & Go 低糖（低糖（LS）-牛奶）或 Up & Go 能量（高蛋白（HP）-牛奶）。参与者在前 2 小时的恢复期内还有两次 15 分钟的机会可以进食。定期评估饮料摄入、总水/营养摄入以及液体恢复指标（BM、尿排出量、血浆渗透压）、胃肠道耐受性和口感。虽然总水分摄入（来自食物和饮料）（水：1918 ± 580 克；运动饮料：1809 ± 338 克；LS-牛奶：1458 ± 431 克；HP-牛奶：1523 ± 472 克；p = 0.010）和总尿量（水：566 ± 314 克；运动饮料：459 ± 290 克；LS-牛奶：220 ± 53 克；HP-牛奶：230 ± 117 克；p = 0.009）因饮料而异，但摄入的水分保留量在治疗组之间相似（水：1352 ± 462 克；运动饮料：1349 ± 407 克；LS-牛奶：1238 ± 400 克；HP-牛奶：1293 ± 453 克；p = 0.691）。总能量摄入（来自食物和饮料）与饮料的能量密度成正比（水：4129 ± 1080 千焦耳；运动饮料：5167 ± 643 千焦耳；LS-牛奶：6019 ± 1925 千焦耳；HP-牛奶：7096 ± 2058 千焦耳；p = 0.014）。当自愿摄入并与食物一起摄入时，不同的饮料可促进相似水平的液体恢复，但会改变能量/营养摄入。当推荐恢复饮料时，提供食物并了解女性运动员的长期饮食目标是很重要的。
