Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, the Netherlands.
Schizophr Res. 2018 Dec;202:141-148. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.048. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
The insula is involved in general and social cognition, in particular emotion regulation. Aim of this study is to investigate whether insula volume is associated with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and emotional processing in schizophrenia patients versus healthy controls (HC).
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans, IQ and emotional processing tests (Benton Facial Recognition Test [BFRT], Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task [DFAR], Emotional Mentalizing Task [EMT]) were administered in 246 subjects (133 schizophrenia patients and 113 controls). First order linear regression analyses were performed with group as independent variable and IQ/emotional processing test scores as dependent variables. Second order stepwise linear regression analyses were performed with IQ/emotional processing test scores as independent variables (as well as intracranial volumes, age, gender and cannabis abuse) and right/left insula volumes as dependent ones. A final mediation analysis (Sobel test) was performed to verify if IQ or emotional processing test scores could explain the eventual differences in insula volumes between the two groups.
Schizophrenia patients presented lower insula volumes (left: F = 9.72, p < 0.01; right: F = 10.93, p < 0.01) as compared with healthy controls. Smaller insula volumes in schizophrenia patients are mediated by lower IQ scores (Sobel tests: 3.07, p < 0.01 for right insula; 2.72, p < 0.01 for left insula), but not by impairments in emotion processing.
IQ, but not emotional processing mediates smaller insula volumes in schizophrenia patients.
脑岛参与一般认知和社会认知，尤其参与情绪调节。本研究旨在探讨脑岛体积是否与精神分裂症患者和健康对照者（HC）的智商（IQ）和情绪处理有关。
对 246 名受试者（133 名精神分裂症患者和 113 名对照者）进行磁共振成像（MRI）脑扫描、智商和情绪处理测试（Benton 面部识别测试[BFRT]、面部表情识别任务[DFAR]、情绪心理化任务[EMT]）。采用单因素线性回归分析，以组为自变量，以 IQ/情绪处理测试分数为因变量。采用二阶逐步线性回归分析，以 IQ/情绪处理测试分数为自变量（以及颅内体积、年龄、性别和大麻滥用），以右侧/左侧脑岛体积为因变量。最后进行中介分析（Sobel 检验），以验证 IQ 或情绪处理测试分数是否可以解释两组之间脑岛体积的最终差异。
与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的脑岛体积较小（左侧：F=9.72，p<0.01；右侧：F=10.93，p<0.01）。精神分裂症患者脑岛体积较小是由 IQ 得分较低引起的（右侧脑岛 Sobel 检验：3.07，p<0.01；左侧脑岛 Sobel 检验：2.72，p<0.01），而不是情绪处理受损引起的。
IQ 而不是情绪处理，中介了精神分裂症患者脑岛体积较小的情况。
