Department of Paediatrics, Patras Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2019 May;104(3):F293-F297. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315024. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
To describe the epidemiology of neonatal infections and of antimicrobial use in Greek Neonatal Units (NNUs) in order to develop national, evidence-based guidelines on empiric antimicrobial use for neonatal sepsis in Greece.
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected infection surveillance data from 2012 to 2015, together with a Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) on antimicrobial use and the collection of data on local empiric antimicrobial policies.
16 NNUs in Greece participating in the neonIN infection surveillance network PATIENTS: Newborns in participating NNUs who had a positive blood, cerebrospinal fluid or urine culture and were treated with at least 5 days of antibiotics.
459 episodes were recorded in 418 infants. The overall incidence of infection was 50/1000 NNU-admissions. The majority of episodes were late-onset sepsis (LOS) (413, 90%). (80%) were the most common Gram-positive organisms causing LOS and spp (39%) the most common Gram-negative. Nearly half (45%) of the spp were resistant to at least one aminoglycoside. The PPS revealed that 196 of 484 (40%) neonates were on antimicrobials. The survey revealed wide variation in empiric antimicrobial policies for LOS.
This is the largest collection of data on the epidemiology of neonatal infections in Greece and on neonatal antimicrobial use. It provides the background for the development of national evidence-based guidelines. Continuous surveillance, the introduction of antimicrobial stewardship interventions and evidence-based guidelines are urgently required.
描述希腊新生儿病房（NNU）中新生儿感染和抗菌药物使用的流行病学情况，以便为希腊新生儿败血症经验性抗菌药物使用制定国家循证指南。
对 2012 年至 2015 年前瞻性收集的感染监测数据进行回顾性分析，同时进行抗菌药物使用的点患病率调查（PPS）以及收集当地经验性抗菌药物政策的数据。
希腊 16 家参与 neonIN 感染监测网络的 NNU。
在参与的 NNU 中接受至少 5 天抗生素治疗且血、脑脊液或尿液培养阳性的新生儿。
在 418 例婴儿中记录了 459 例感染。感染总发生率为 50/1000 NNU 入院。大多数感染为晚发型败血症（LOS）（413 例，90%）。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）（80%）是引起 LOS 的最常见革兰阳性菌，而肠杆菌科细菌（Enterobacteriaceae）（39%）是最常见的革兰阴性菌。近一半（45%）的 spp 对至少一种氨基糖苷类药物耐药。PPS 显示，484 例患儿中有 196 例（40%）接受了抗菌药物治疗。调查显示，LOS 的经验性抗菌药物政策存在广泛差异。
这是希腊最大的新生儿感染和新生儿抗菌药物使用的流行病学数据集合，为制定国家循证指南提供了背景。迫切需要持续监测、引入抗菌药物管理干预措施和循证指南。
