Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 1;643:610-622. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.233. Epub 2018 Jun 24.
Numerous hydrological models calculate actual evaporation as a function of potential evaporation (PET) and soil moisture stress. There are some limitations for such empirical equations since they do not consider vegetation changes, and therefore cannot account for the different responses of soil evaporation and plant transpiration to changes in environmental factors and cannot be used for evaluating the impacts of vegetation changes. Here, we investigated whether incorporating a physically based evaporation scheme into a grid-based hydrological model can improve the accuracy of hydrological simulations. The original and modified hydrological models were evaluated in a basin which has experienced rapid vegetation greening. The model evaluations were performed using streamflow observations, soil moisture observations and water balance-based evaporation estimates. Results indicated that the modified model can provide better evaporation simulations than the original model during the period of vegetation greening. The streamflow and soil moisture simulations by the modified model over the same period benefitted significantly from the improvement in evaporation simulations and exhibited better consistency with in situ observations than the original model. This study underscores the importance of including vegetation change information in evaporation estimates and demonstrated that the physically based evaporation equation can be used in hydrological models to improve the hydrological simulations under vegetation greening conditions.
许多水文模型将实际蒸发量作为潜在蒸发量（PET）和土壤水分胁迫的函数来计算。由于这些经验方程没有考虑植被变化，因此存在一些局限性，无法反映土壤蒸发和植物蒸腾对环境因素变化的不同响应，也不能用于评估植被变化的影响。在这里，我们研究了将基于物理的蒸发方案纳入基于网格的水文模型是否可以提高水文模拟的准确性。在经历了快速植被绿化的流域中，对原始和改进的水文模型进行了评估。使用流域的流量观测、土壤水分观测和水量平衡法蒸发估算来评估模型。结果表明，在植被绿化期间，改进后的模型能够比原始模型更好地模拟蒸发。同一时期，改进后的模型在进行流量和土壤水分模拟时，由于改进了蒸发模拟，因此与原位观测的一致性显著优于原始模型。本研究强调了在蒸发估算中纳入植被变化信息的重要性，并证明基于物理的蒸发方程可用于水文模型，以改善植被绿化条件下的水文模拟。
