Environmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Center for Coastal Oceans Research, Institute for Water and Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida 33181, USA; email:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA; email:
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2019 Jan 3;11:335-368. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095114. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Marine organisms' persistence hinges on the capacity for acclimatization and adaptation to the myriad of interacting environmental stressors associated with global climate change. In this context, epigenetics-mechanisms that facilitate phenotypic variation through genotype-environment interactions-are of great interest ecologically and evolutionarily. Our comprehensive review of marine environmental epigenetics guides our recommendations of four key areas for future research: the dynamics of wash-in and wash-out of epigenetic effects, the mechanistic understanding of the interplay of different epigenetic marks and the interaction with the microbiome, the capacity for and mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and the evolutionary implications of the interaction of genetic and epigenetic features. Emerging insights in marine environmental epigenetics can be applied to critical issues such as aquaculture, biomonitoring, and biological invasions, thereby improving our ability to explain and predict the responses of marine taxa to global climate change.
海洋生物的生存取决于其适应和耐受与全球气候变化相关的各种相互作用环境胁迫的能力。在这种情况下，表观遗传学——通过基因型-环境相互作用促进表型变异的机制——在生态和进化上具有重要意义。我们对海洋环境表观遗传学的全面综述指导了我们对未来研究的四个关键领域的建议：表观遗传效应的“洗入”和“洗出”动力学、不同表观遗传标记相互作用的机制理解以及与微生物组的相互作用、跨代表观遗传遗传的能力和机制，以及遗传和表观遗传特征相互作用的进化意义。海洋环境表观遗传学的新见解可应用于水产养殖、生物监测和生物入侵等关键问题，从而提高我们解释和预测海洋生物对全球气候变化反应的能力。
