Department of Biology and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea.
School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Oct 1;223:530-536. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.057. Epub 2018 Jun 27.
Erigeron annuus is one of the major invasive, alien plants in Korea, and therefore research to manage (control) this invasive plant is essential. In this research, studies were conducted to determine the mechanisms by which E. annuus became the dominant plant at a landfill site and to develop management strategies for this alien plant. Because the seeds and seedling stage did not have superior adaptations to disturbed soil, demonstrate allelopathy, outcompete other species, or show rapid growth, the disturbance from mowing was likely the primary reason for the dominance of E. annuus. The areas without mowing showed a significant decrease in the coverage of E. annuus, whereas the mowed (managed) areas showed a significant increase. Additionally, mowing once increased the weight of reproductive organs by 50% and suppressed the growth of native species. Thus, the primary factor in the invasion of the alien species E. annuus was mowing, and, to control such an invasion, areas should be protected from mowing. Additionally, with selective mowing that targeted only E. annuus, mowing three times produced only approximately 10% of the reproductive organ biomass compared with that of the control. Because the flower stalk of E. annuus was relatively tall compared with that of native species in early summer, selective mowing might also provide a solution to control invasions of E. annuus. Therefore, with improved ecological understanding of the site and species, mowing of the right target during the optimal season and at an appropriate frequency is an environmental friendly solution to the management of E. annuus.
飞蓬是韩国主要的入侵外来植物之一，因此对其进行管理（控制）的研究至关重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了飞蓬成为垃圾填埋场优势植物的机制，并制定了管理这种外来植物的策略。由于种子和幼苗阶段对干扰土壤没有优越的适应性，不表现化感作用，不与其他物种竞争，也不表现出快速生长，因此刈割的干扰可能是飞蓬占优势的主要原因。未刈割的区域飞蓬的覆盖率显著下降，而刈割（管理）的区域则显著增加。此外，一次刈割可使繁殖器官的重量增加 50%，并抑制本地物种的生长。因此，外来物种飞蓬的入侵主要因素是刈割，为了控制这种入侵，应避免对这些区域进行刈割。此外，通过只针对飞蓬的选择性刈割，三次刈割产生的生殖器官生物量仅为对照的 10%左右。由于飞蓬的花茎在初夏时相对比本地物种高，因此选择性刈割也可能是控制飞蓬入侵的一种解决方法。因此，随着对该地点和物种生态理解的提高，在最佳季节和适当频率对正确的目标进行刈割是一种对环境友好的飞蓬管理解决方案。
