Kou Yong-Chao, Hua Kun, Li Zhou, Li Zhi
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Jul 8;39(7):3142-3149. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201710202.
To study the hydrochemical characteristics of tributaries of the Jinghe River (Heihe River Basin) and their controlling factors, from 2014 to 2015, 242 samples of surface water and groundwater were collected during the dry and flood seasons from the Jinghe River. After determining the main water chemical ion content by comprehensively using correlation analysis, Piper three-line graphs, and Gibbs graph, the spatiotemporal changes in the hydrochemical characteristics of the Heihe River Basin were analyzed. The results showed that all the water samples in the study area were weakly alkaline. In the dry season of 2014, the cations in the surface water and groundwater were mostly Na, accounting for 56% and 58% of the total cations, respectively. The anions were mainly SO, accounting for 33% and 39% of the total anions, respectively. In the other three periods, the main cation and anion components were HCO and Na, accounting for 44%-46% and 42%-56% of the corresponding totals, respectively. In the dry season, the TDS of surface water and groundwater gradually increases along the river from upstream to downstream. From the dry season to the flood season, the hydrochemical types of the surface water changed from Na-Mg-Cl-SO to Ca-Mg-HCO and of the groundwater from Mg-Cl-SO to Ca-Na-HCO. Most of the water chemistry samples were distributed in the middle and upper parts of the Gibbs diagram, indicating that the formation of hydrated chemical ions in the basin was mainly affected by rock weathering and evaporation-enrichment. However, the effects of human activities on water chemistry were more significant in the dry season than in the flood season.
为研究泾河（黑河流域）支流的水化学特征及其控制因素，于2014年至2015年期间，在泾河枯水期和丰水期采集了242个地表水和地下水样本。综合运用相关性分析、派珀三线图和吉布斯图确定主要水化学离子含量后，分析了黑河流域水化学特征的时空变化。结果表明，研究区域内所有水样均呈弱碱性。2014年枯水期，地表水和地下水中的阳离子主要为Na，分别占总阳离子的56%和58%。阴离子主要为SO，分别占总阴离子的33%和39%。在其他三个时期，主要阳离子和阴离子成分分别为HCO和Na，分别占相应总量的44%-46%和42%-56%。枯水期，地表水和地下水的TDS沿河流从上游向下游逐渐增加。从枯水期到丰水期，地表水的水化学类型从Na-Mg-Cl-SO变为Ca-Mg-HCO，地下水从Mg-Cl-SO变为Ca-Na-HCO。大多数水化学样本分布在吉布斯图的中上部，表明流域内水化化学离子的形成主要受岩石风化和蒸发浓缩的影响。然而，人类活动对水化学的影响在枯水期比在丰水期更为显著。
