Levine P H
Ann Intern Med. 1985 Nov;103(5):723-6. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-103-5-723.
The widespread use of coagulation factor concentrates prepared from the blood of numerous donors has doubled the life expectancy of persons with hemophilia, but parenteral exposure to alloantigens and infectious agents is not free of risk. The prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) now approaches 1% in patients with hemophilia, and laboratory evidence of abnormal immunoregulation is found in at least 50% of treated patients with severe hemophilia. The immune defect is multifactorial. The attack rate of AIDS among patients with severe hemophilia appears to have reached a peak; further evidence suggests that only a minority of those infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III will develop AIDS. The advent of improved donor screening methods and the application of heat treatment of coagulation factor concentrates should further reduce the risk of AIDS in persons with hemophilia.
广泛使用从众多献血者血液中制备的凝血因子浓缩物，使血友病患者的预期寿命延长了一倍，但肠外接触同种异体抗原和传染原并非没有风险。血友病患者中获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的患病率目前接近1%，并且在至少50%接受治疗的重度血友病患者中发现了免疫调节异常的实验室证据。免疫缺陷是多因素的。重度血友病患者中艾滋病的发病率似乎已达到峰值；进一步的证据表明，感染人T淋巴细胞白血病病毒III型的人中只有少数会患上艾滋病。改进的献血者筛查方法的出现以及凝血因子浓缩物热处理的应用应进一步降低血友病患者感染艾滋病的风险。
