Zhang Pan-Wei, Zhou Huai-Dong, Zhao Gao-Feng, Li Kun, Liu Qiao-Na, Ren Min, Zhao Dan-Dan, Li Dong-Jiao
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Sep 8;37(9):3348-3355. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.013.
Fourteen sediment samples from 15 river estuaries and six sediments from 6 drinking water resource were collected from Taihu Lake. Nine pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs) in the sediments samples were measured by using the HPLC-MS/MS technique. The ranges of geometric mean values were 1.60-129 ng·g and 1.36-22.0 ng·g, respectively. Caffeine was the dominant pollutant in fourteen sediments near the river estuary, the content of which covered 52% of amounts of 9 PPCPs. Lincomycin, trimethoprime, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole and tylosin were the dominant pollutants in six sediments near the drinking water resource, the contents of which covered 79% of amounts 9 PPCPs. From the point of spatial distribution, the results of PPCPs in Zhushan bay and East of Yixing in the northwest and west of Taihu Lake showed higher concentration than those in other sample sites. From the composition, the origin of PPCPs was different. Municipal sewage, stock farming and aquaculture were the main sources of PPCPs in Taihu Lake. Pharmaceuticals of human use showed the dominant pollution in fourteen sediments near the river estuary and drugs of veterinary use showed the dominant pollution in six sediments near the water resource. The concentrations of PPCPs in fourteen sediments of river mouth showed high level. It suggested that PPCPs pollutants were discharged to Taihu Lake continuously. Further risk assessment results showed that the overall risk was not high except for some PPCPs compounds. The RQ exceeded 1 for acetaminophen, azithromycin and sulfamethoxazole in the surface sediments of 15 river estuaries and 6 water resources, which showed high risk. The RQ was between 0.01 to 0.1 for carbazepine in the surface sediments of 15 river estuaries and 6 water resources, which showed medium risk. The RQ was below 0.01 for caffeine, lincomycin, trimethoprim, diltiazem and tylosin in the sediments of 15 river estuaries and 6 water resources, which showed low risk.
从太湖采集了15个河口的14份沉积物样本以及6个饮用水源地的6份沉积物样本。采用高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱技术测定了沉积物样本中的9种医药和个人护理产品（PPCPs）。几何平均值范围分别为1.60 - 129 ng·g和1.36 - 22.0 ng·g。咖啡因是河口附近14份沉积物中的主要污染物，其含量占9种PPCPs总量的52%。林可霉素、甲氧苄啶、阿奇霉素、磺胺甲恶唑和泰乐菌素是饮用水源地附近6份沉积物中的主要污染物，其含量占9种PPCPs总量的79%。从空间分布来看，太湖西北部和西部的竺山湾及宜兴东部的PPCPs结果显示浓度高于其他采样点。从组成来看，PPCPs的来源不同。城市污水、畜禽养殖和水产养殖是太湖PPCPs的主要来源。人类使用的药品在河口附近的14份沉积物中显示出主要污染，兽药在水源地附近的6份沉积物中显示出主要污染。河口处14份沉积物中PPCPs的浓度较高。这表明PPCPs污染物持续排入太湖。进一步的风险评估结果显示，除了一些PPCPs化合物外，总体风险不高。在15个河口和6个水源地的表层沉积物中，对乙酰氨基酚、阿奇霉素和磺胺甲恶唑的风险商（RQ）超过1，显示出高风险。在15个河口和6个水源地的表层沉积物中，卡马西平的RQ在0.01至0.1之间，显示出中等风险。在15个河口和6个水源地的沉积物中，咖啡因、林可霉素、甲氧苄啶、地尔硫卓和泰乐菌素的RQ低于0.01，显示出低风险。
