Xu Li-Mei, Zhang Chong-Miao, Wang Xiao-Chang, Ji Zheng, Zhou Jin-Hong
Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 May 8;38(5):1928-1935. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201611021.
We chose () and poliovirus as a typical pathogenic bacterium and virus, respectively. The effects of two typical disinfectants (chlorine and ultraviolet) on each of them were investigated based on microbial culture and quantitative PCR methods. The results showed that Poliovirus was appreciably more resistant to chlorine (required disinfection dose for 1-log microbial reduction:10.14 mg·L·min for ; 19.2 mg·L·min for poliovirus) and ultraviolet (UV) light (required UV dose for 1-log microbial reduction:1.81 mJ·cm for ; 6.37 mJ·cm for poliovirus) than for the microbial culture. For PCR, this study revealed that 1-log gene reduction required UV doses and values of at least one to two orders of magnitude higher than that for the microbial culture. The damage of RNA in Poliovirus was more seriously than that of DNA in . Single-stranded RNA was more sensitive to UV irradiation than DNA. The result evaluated with the quantitative PCR method showed opposite result to that of the traditional culture method in which the Poliovirus was more tolerant. The required UV doses for 1-log nucleic acid reduction were 135 mJ·cm and 270.3 mJ·cm for and poliovirus, respectively. Nucleic acid damage required a higher dose of disinfectants than microbial inactivation, which was probably attributed to the phenomenon of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells, other molecular targets of inactivation and the persistence of nucleic acid after cell death.
我们分别选择了（）和脊髓灰质炎病毒作为典型的致病细菌和病毒。基于微生物培养和定量PCR方法，研究了两种典型消毒剂（氯和紫外线）对它们各自的影响。结果表明，脊髓灰质炎病毒对氯（1个对数级微生物减少所需的消毒剂量：（此处原文缺失具体细菌名称）为10.14mg·L·min；脊髓灰质炎病毒为19.2mg·L·min）和紫外线（UV）光（1个对数级微生物减少所需的紫外线剂量：（此处原文缺失具体细菌名称）为1.81mJ·cm；脊髓灰质炎病毒为6.37mJ·cm）的抵抗力明显强于（此处原文缺失具体细菌名称）的微生物培养。对于PCR，本研究表明，1个对数级基因减少所需的紫外线剂量和（此处原文缺失具体数值）值比微生物培养至少高1至2个数量级。脊髓灰质炎病毒中RNA的损伤比（此处原文缺失具体细菌名称）中DNA的损伤更严重。单链RNA比DNA对紫外线照射更敏感。定量PCR方法评估的结果与传统培养方法相反，传统培养方法中脊髓灰质炎病毒更耐受。1个对数级核酸减少所需的紫外线剂量分别为（此处原文缺失具体细菌名称）135mJ·cm和脊髓灰质炎病毒270.3mJ·cm。核酸损伤比微生物失活需要更高剂量的消毒剂，这可能归因于活的但不可培养（VBNC）细胞现象、其他失活分子靶点以及细胞死亡后核酸的持久性。
