Xu Jia-Ping, Li Xu-Hui, Xiao Wei, Ciren Wang-Mu, Wen Xue-Fa, Liu Shou-Dong, Du Xue-Ting, Cao Chang
Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Dec 8;37(12):4514-4523. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201605044.
Observations of urban atmospheric CO molar fraction and its C isotope composition (δ C) is of great importance to interpret the effect of anthropogenic and biologic sources on local or regional carbon cycle. High-frequency in-situ observation on atmospheric in urban airsheds was performed during Youth Olympic Games (YOG) in Nanjing. The hourly, diurnal and daily differences of CO concentration and its δ C between the period with and without temporary CO emission controls were compared. The results showed that short-term emission reduction measures could cause 21×10 decrease in atmospheric CO concentration in a regional and short-term scale. The reduction of coal combustion during YOG in YRD was about 5%. The overall isotopic signature of local surface sources δ C in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) was determined by Miller-Tans, and the isotopic signatures of anthropogenic and natural sources in YRD were also determined based on literature investigation. According to the above results, the surface net CO flux, plant flux and anthropogenic flux in YRD were quantified using mass-balance equation. The CO emission from cement production (non-energy industrial process) was the key human factor of high atmospheric δ C of CO in YRD during summer (2.36‰). The plant effect could offset 23% to 39% anthropogenic CO emission in YRD during summer. In this study, we tried to provide new solution to partition carbon sources in urban areas by combining top-down atmospheric observation and traditional IPCC's emission inventory.
观测城市大气中一氧化碳（CO）的摩尔分数及其碳同位素组成（δ¹³C）对于解释人为源和生物源对局部或区域碳循环的影响至关重要。在南京青年奥林匹克运动会（YOG）期间，对城市空气流域的大气进行了高频原位观测。比较了有和没有临时CO排放控制期间CO浓度及其δ¹³C的每小时、昼夜和每日差异。结果表明，短期减排措施可在区域和短期尺度上使大气CO浓度降低21×10⁻⁹。长三角地区（YRD）在青奥会期间煤炭燃烧减少了约5%。利用Miller-Tans方法确定了长江三角洲地区（YRD）当地地表源δ¹³C的总体同位素特征，并根据文献调查确定了YRD地区人为源和自然源的同位素特征。根据上述结果，利用质量平衡方程对YRD地区的地表净CO通量、植物通量和人为通量进行了量化。水泥生产（非能源工业过程）的CO排放是夏季YRD地区大气CO高δ¹³C值的关键人为因素（2.36‰）。夏季，植物效应可抵消YRD地区23%至39%的人为CO排放。在本研究中，我们试图通过结合自上而下的大气观测和传统的IPCC排放清单来提供一种新的方法来划分城市地区的碳源。
