基于受体模型和地统计学的城市居住区土壤重金属源解析

[Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals in City Residential Areas Based on the Receptor Model and Geostatistics].

作者信息

Chen Xiu-Duan, Lu Xin-Wei

机构信息

Department of Environment and Resource Management, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University, Xi'an 710061, China.

School of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.

出版信息

Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Jun 8;38(6):2513-2521. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201611208.

DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201611208

PMID:29965372

Abstract

The soils from residential areas of Xi'an city were selected as a case area. The absolute principal component scores-multivariate linear regression (APCS-MLR) model and the ordinary kriging interpolation were combined to identify and apportion the pollution sources of soil heavy metals (As, Ba, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn,V), the percentage of contribution of every source for every element, and the spatial distribution characteristics of contribution rates. Compared with the background values of cinnamon, which is the main soil type in Xi 'an, the accumulation levels of Pb, Cu, Sr, Co, Zn, Ba, Ni, As, Mn, V in soil of urban residential areas in Xi'an city decreased in turn. The standard-exceeding ratios of Ba, Co, Cu, Pb, Sr, Zn were higher than those of other studied elements. Three main pollution sources of soil heavy metals in residential areas were natural source, traffic sources, and fossil fuel combustion source, respectively. Natural source was the main source of As, Mn, Ni, V in studied residential areas. The average contribution rate of natural source for As, Mn, Ni, V was 69.63%, 74.28%, 68.65%, 77.09%, respectively. The fossil fuel combustion was the second largest contributor for their accumulation in these studied residential areas. Its contribution rate for As, Mn, Ni was 23.07%, 19.09%, 23.13%, respectively. The contribution of traffic emissions was lower. Their spatial distribution characteristics tended to be lower in west and higher in east. The average contribution rates of fossil fuel combustion source for Co, Pb, Sr, Zn were 59.84%, 42.22%, 44.50%, 44.44%, respectively. The performance of spatial distribution was increased gradually from the city center to the outside. The sources of Ba were given priority to natural source and fossil fuel combustion source, and the average contribution rates were 41.67% and 48.27%, respectively. The contribution rate of fossil fuel combustion source for Ba gradually decreased from the center of the city. The contribution rates of natural source, traffic source, and fossil fuel combustion source for Cu were 37.00%, 20.47% and 26.50%, respectively.

摘要

选取西安市居民区土壤作为研究区域。将绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）模型与普通克里金插值法相结合，以识别和解析土壤重金属（砷、钡、钴、铜、锰、镍、铅、锶、锌、钒）的污染源、各污染源对每种元素的贡献率以及贡献率的空间分布特征。与西安市主要土壤类型褐土的背景值相比，西安市城市居民区土壤中铅、铜、锶、钴、锌、钡、镍、砷、锰、钒的累积水平依次降低。钡、钴、铜、铅、锶、锌的超标率高于其他研究元素。居民区土壤重金属的三个主要污染源分别为自然源、交通源和化石燃料燃烧源。自然源是研究居民区中砷、锰、镍、钒的主要来源。自然源对砷、锰、镍、钒的平均贡献率分别为69.63%、74.28%、68.65%、77.09%。化石燃料燃烧是这些研究居民区中它们累积的第二大贡献源。其对砷、锰、镍的贡献率分别为23.07%、19.09%、23.13%。交通排放的贡献较低。它们的空间分布特征呈西低东高趋势。化石燃料燃烧源对钴、铅、锶、锌的平均贡献率分别为59.84%、42.22%、44.50%、44.44%。空间分布表现为从市中心向外逐渐增加。钡的来源以自然源和化石燃料燃烧源为主，平均贡献率分别为41.67%和48.27%。化石燃料燃烧源对钡的贡献率从市中心逐渐降低。自然源、交通源和化石燃料燃烧源对铜的贡献率分别为37.00%、20.47%和26.50%。