Zou Juan, Hu Xue-Yu, Zhang Yang-Yang, Chen Yao-Jun, Wang Xiang-Qian, Liu Yang
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Jan 8;39(1):348-354. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201706171.
In order to explore the effect of biochar on the volatilization of ammonia in different surface soils, through the field test method, the responsiveness changes of ammonia volatilization, ammonium nitrogen, and urease were studied under the influence of biochar and crop cultivation. The study set six treatments:CK+, BC0.5+, and BC4.5+ (the biochar applied at 0, 0.5, 4.5 kg·(m·a), respectively, under the condition of crop cultivation), and CK-, BC0.5-, and BC4.5- (the biochar applied at 0, 0.5, 4.5 kg·(m·a), respectively, under the condition of bare land). The results showed that under the condition of crop cultivation, the ammonia volatilization of the BC4.5+ and BC0.5+ treatments increased in 4 days, then significantly decreased by 9.95%-61.80% and 7.97%-50.52% (<0.05), respectively, with respect to CK+. However, compared with CK-, the ammonia volatilization of the BC4.5- and BC0.5- treatments increased by 40.02%-93.15% and 28.09%-57.45% (<0.05), respectively. For the same amount of biochar application, the ammonia volatilization of the crop-planting soil was significantly lower than that of the bare land, and BC4.5+ and BC0.5+ declined by 27.10%-92.10% and 13.17%-83.45%(<0.05), respectively, compared with the BC4.5- and BC0.5-, and there was no significant difference between CK+ and CK-. The above results indicated that biochar-mediated soil ammonia volatilization was inhibited by the surface cover. Moreover, with respect to CK+, the maximum increase rates of the contents of ammonium nitrogen and urease in the BC4.5+ and BC0.5+ treatments were orderly at 69.25% and 72.73% and 93.61% and 90.56% (<0.05), but the soil ammonia volatilization decreased in the same period. The biggest decline of the soil NH-N and urease content of BC4.5- and BC0.5- were 63.78% and 95.70% and 78.38% and 92.64% (<0.05), respectively. Simultaneously, the soil ammonia volatilization rose in the bare land compared with CK-. Therefore, the soil ammonia volatilization was inversely related to soil NH-N and urease under the influence of biochar, and the effect of crop planting was more profound.
为探究生物炭对不同表层土壤氨挥发的影响，通过田间试验方法，研究了生物炭和作物种植影响下氨挥发、铵态氮及脲酶的响应变化。该研究设置了六个处理：CK +、BC0.5 +和BC4.5 +（分别在作物种植条件下施入0、0.5、4.5 kg·(m·a)的生物炭），以及CK -、BC0.5 -和BC4.5 -（分别在裸地条件下施入0、0.5、4.5 kg·(m·a)的生物炭）。结果表明，在作物种植条件下，BC4.5 +和BC0.5 +处理的氨挥发在4天内增加，随后相对于CK +分别显著降低了9.95% - 61.80%和7.97% - 50.52%（<0.05）。然而，与CK -相比，BC4.5 -和BC0.5 -处理的氨挥发分别增加了40.02% - 93.15%和28.09% - 57.45%（<0.05）。对于相同施用量的生物炭，作物种植土壤的氨挥发显著低于裸地，与BC4.5 -和BC0.5 -相比，BC4.5 +和BC0.5 +分别下降了27.10% - 92.10%和13.17% - 83.45%（<0.05），且CK +和CK -之间无显著差异。上述结果表明，生物炭介导的土壤氨挥发受到地表覆盖的抑制。此外，相对于CK +，BC4.5 +和BC0.5 +处理中铵态氮和脲酶含量的最大增加率依次为69.25%和72.73%以及9
