Backe Emma L
Anthropology Department, George Washington University.
Med Anthropol Q. 2018 Dec;32(4):463-480. doi: 10.1111/maq.12463. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
This article explores the politics and contingencies of care provided to survivors of sexual assault on a rape crisis hotline in the U.S.'s mid-Atlantic region. The support provided to survivors on the hotline represents a crisis of care, one fomented by the victim services sector's failure to address the limitations of a crisis-oriented paradigm or survivors' chronic trauma. The tension between the survivor-centered model of the hotline and the mental health needs of clients represents a friction of utility-a misalignment between the care hotline advocates provide and the support survivors seek. The anonymous care and internal contradictions of the hotline also results in high rates of vicarious trauma for advocates. Given the polysemic dimensions of care exhibited on the hotline, the service represents a form of negative care, one that accounts for gaps in survivors' care yet still fails to empower proactive means of recovery.
本文探讨了美国大西洋中部地区强奸危机热线为性侵犯幸存者提供护理时的政治因素和意外情况。热线为幸存者提供的支持体现了护理危机，这是由受害者服务部门未能解决以危机为导向的模式的局限性或幸存者的长期创伤所引发的。热线以幸存者为中心的模式与客户的心理健康需求之间的紧张关系代表了一种效用摩擦——护理热线倡导者提供的护理与幸存者寻求的支持之间的不一致。热线的匿名护理和内部矛盾也导致倡导者替代性创伤的高发生率。鉴于热线所展现的护理的多义维度，该服务代表了一种消极护理形式，它考虑到了幸存者护理中的差距，但仍未能赋予积极的康复手段以力量。
