Langdalen Henrik, Abrahamsen Eirik B, Sollid Stephen J M, Sørskår Leif Inge K, Abrahamsen Håkon B
Department of Safety, Economics and Planning, University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, Stavanger, Norway.
Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stavanger, Norway.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2018 Jul 3;18(1):509. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3325-1.
Inadequate non-technical skills (NTSs) among employees in the Norwegian prehospital emergency medical services (EMSs) are a risk for patient and operational safety. Simulation-based training and assessment is promising with respect to improving NTSs. The frequency of simulation-based training in and assessment of NTSs among crewmembers in the Norwegian helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) has gained increased attention over recent years, whereas there has been much less focus on the Norwegian ground emergency medical service (GEMS). The aim of the study was to compare and document the frequencies of simulation-based training in and assessment of seven NTSs between the Norwegian HEMS and GEMS, conditional on workplace and occupation.
A comparative study of the results from cross-sectional questionnaires responded to by employees in the Norwegian prehospital EMSs in 2016 regarding training in and assessment of NTSs during 2015, with a focus on the Norwegian GEMS and HEMS. Professional groups of interest are: pilots, HEMS crew members (HCMs), physicians, paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), EMT apprentices, nurses and nurses with an EMT licence.
The frequency of simulation-based training in and assessment of seven generic NTSs was statistically significantly greater for HEMS than for GEMS during 2015. Compared with pilots and HCMs, other health care providers in GEMS and HEMS undergo statistically significantly less frequent simulation-based training in and assessment of NTSs. Physicians working in the HEMS appear to be undergoing training and assessment more frequently than the rest of the health trust employees. The study indicates a tendency for lesser focus on the assessment of NTSs compared to simulation-based training.
HEMS has become superior to GEMS, in terms of frequency of training in and assessment of NTSs. The low frequency of training in and assessment of NTSs in GEMS suggests that there is a great potential to learn from HEMS and to strengthen the focus on NTSs. Increased frequency of assessment of NTSs in both HEMS and GEMS is called for.
挪威院前急救医疗服务（EMS）人员的非技术技能（NTSs）不足对患者和操作安全构成风险。基于模拟的培训和评估在提高非技术技能方面前景广阔。近年来，挪威直升机紧急医疗服务（HEMS）机组人员基于模拟的非技术技能培训和评估频率受到越来越多关注，而挪威地面紧急医疗服务（GEMS）则较少受到关注。本研究的目的是比较并记录挪威HEMS和GEMS之间基于模拟的七种非技术技能培训和评估频率，并以工作场所和职业为条件。
对2016年挪威院前急救医疗服务人员针对2015年非技术技能培训和评估的横断面调查问卷结果进行比较研究，重点关注挪威GEMS和HEMS。感兴趣的专业群体包括：飞行员、HEMS机组人员（HCMs）、医生、护理人员、急救医疗技术员（EMTs）、EMT学徒、护士以及拥有EMT执照的护士。
2015年，HEMS基于模拟的七种通用非技术技能培训和评估频率在统计学上显著高于GEMS。与飞行员和HEMS机组人员相比，GEMS和HEMS中的其他医疗保健提供者接受基于模拟的非技术技能培训和评估的频率在统计学上显著更低。在HEMS工作的医生接受培训和评估的频率似乎高于其他医疗信托员工。研究表明，与基于模拟的培训相比，对非技术技能评估的关注较少。
在非技术技能培训和评估频率方面，HEMS已优于GEMS。GEMS中非技术技能培训和评估频率较低表明，有很大潜力向HEMS学习并加强对非技术技能的关注。需要提高HEMS和GEMS中非技术技能评估的频率。
