Liu Y, Yue C Y, Li Y, Wang Y M, Gao S R, Wang Z G, Xie X, Zhao H P, Wang D, Liang X F, An Z J
Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China (Present address: Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China).
Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Mar 6;52(3):282-286. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.03.012.
To analyze vaccination situation of oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine (LLR strain) among children from six provinces in China. In 2014, we selected 12 counties in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang and Gansu provinces by using stratified cluster random sampling method and extract information of children born from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012 from Children's Immunization Information System. We investigated ten children of each birth cohort in each county by checking the vaccination certification, and a total of 606 children were investigated. A survey was conducted to check the information of the children's vaccination certification with the data of Children's Immunization Information System by questionnaire including the basic information (province, county, name, gender, birth date, etc) and the rotavirus vaccination (vaccination date, dose, etc) to analyze the rotavirus vaccination situation. 340 of 606 children were male. There were 121, 124, 122, 119 and 120 children born in 2008-2012, respectively. The proportions of the first and the second dose of rotavirus vaccination were 32.8% (199) and 9.7% (59). The proportion of the third dose of rotavirus vaccination among children born between 2008 and 2010 was 3.5% (13) since children born in 2011 and 2012 did not reach the age of third dose vaccination. The proportion of the first dose of rotavirus vaccination in high, middle and low per capita disposable income areas was 45.0% (91), 37.7% (77) and 15.5% (31) respectively (χ(2)= 43.15, 0.001). Among 199 children vaccinated with the first dose of vaccine, the vaccination age mainly concentrated in 2 to 21 months, of which the peak was 5 to 13 months (66.8%, 133). The intervals between 2 doses of vaccination were mainly from 12 to 13 months (42.4%, 25) among the 59 children who received at least 2 doses of vaccine. In the 13 children vaccinated with 3 doses, the intervals between the second and the third dose were 12 months (5). Of the 271 doses of rotavirus vaccine vaccinated during 2008-2014, 34.7% (94 doses) were vaccinated in June-August, 88 were vaccinated simultaneously with 18 other vaccines, accounting for 32.5% of the total. Of the 18 other vaccines, inactivated vaccines such as diphtheria vaccine (30 doses), Hib vaccine (14 doses), group A meningitis vaccine (10 doses) were predominant. The proportion of rotavirus vaccination was low and the vaccination age was relatively late. The vaccination mode was different from the recommendation of WHO. It is recommended that routine immunization of rotavirus vaccines should be carried out in early-months of children.
分析中国6个省份儿童口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗（LLR株）的接种情况。2014年，采用分层整群随机抽样方法，在广东、江苏、重庆、江西、黑龙江和甘肃6省选取12个县，从儿童免疫规划信息系统中提取2008年1月1日至2012年12月31日出生儿童的信息。在每个县对每个出生队列的10名儿童进行调查，通过查看预防接种证，共调查606名儿童。采用问卷调查的方式，将儿童预防接种证信息与儿童免疫规划信息系统数据进行核对，内容包括基本信息（省份、县、姓名、性别、出生日期等）和轮状病毒疫苗接种情况（接种日期、剂次等），以分析轮状病毒疫苗接种情况。606名儿童中，男性340名。2008 - 2012年出生的儿童分别为121名、124名、122名、119名和120名。轮状病毒疫苗第1剂和第2剂的接种率分别为32.8%（199名）和9.7%（59名）。2008年至2010年出生儿童中第3剂轮状病毒疫苗接种率为3.5%（13名），因为2011年和2012年出生儿童未到第3剂接种年龄。人均可支配收入高、中、低地区第1剂轮状病毒疫苗接种率分别为45.0%（91名）、37.7%（77名）和15.5%（31名）（χ(2)=43.15，P<0.001）。在199名接种第1剂疫苗的儿童中，接种年龄主要集中在2至21个月，其中5至13个月为高峰（66.8%，133名）。在至少接种2剂疫苗的59名儿童中，2剂疫苗接种间隔主要为12至13个月（42.4%，25名）。在接种3剂疫苗的13名儿童中，第2剂和第3剂接种间隔为12个月（5名）。2008 - 2014年共接种271剂轮状病毒疫苗，其中34.7%（94剂）在6 - 8月接种，88剂与其他18种疫苗同时接种，占总接种数的32.5%。在18种其他疫苗中，白喉疫苗（30剂）、b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗（14剂）、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗（10剂）等灭活疫苗为主。轮状病毒疫苗接种率较低，接种年龄相对较晚。接种模式与世界卫生组织推荐不同。建议在儿童早期进行轮状病毒疫苗常规免疫。
