Ma L T, Cao G W
Department of Epidemiology, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Mar 6;52(3):332-336. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.03.024.
Hydrological disasters are associated with infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics. Hydrological disasters will lead to water pollution, increased vulnerability to diseases, and increased density of vectors. These factors will facilitate the outbreaks of water-borne/food-borne diseases, vector-borne diseases, and air-borne/contagious diseases. Pre-event preparedness for disasters and post-event reconstruction of both disease surveillance system and water-supply system are key measures to prevent infectious disease outbreaks caused by hydrological disasters. This study reviews the domestic and overseas experiences of controlling infectious diseases after hydrologic disasters, outlines the spectrum of post-disaster infectious disease as well as their epidemiological characteristics, and provides practicable suggestions accordingly.
水文灾害与传染病的爆发和流行有关。水文灾害会导致水污染、疾病易感性增加以及病媒密度增加。这些因素将促使水传/食源性疾病、病媒传播疾病和空气传播/传染病的爆发。灾害发生前的准备以及灾后疾病监测系统和供水系统的重建是预防水文灾害引发传染病爆发的关键措施。本研究回顾了国内外控制水文灾害后传染病的经验，概述了灾后传染病的种类及其流行病学特征，并据此提出切实可行的建议。
