Comparative study of visual outcome between open- and closed-globe injuries following surgical treatment of traumatic cataract in children.

OBJECTIVE

To compare final visual outcomes of surgically treated traumatic cataract between open-globe and closed-globe injuries in children, as classified by the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system.

METHODS

This is an observational cohort study with permission from Hospital Ethical Committee. We enrolled children meeting specific inclusion criteria, examined their eyes to review any co-morbidities due to trauma, performed surgery for traumatic cataracts, and implanted lenses. The patients were re-examined postoperatively. We classified the cases of traumatic cataract as either open-globe (Group 1) or closed-globe (Group 2) according to the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system and compared visual acuity.

RESULT

Our study cohort of 1076 eyes with traumatic cataracts included 405 eyes in Group 1 and 671 in Group 2. Postoperatively, the visual acuity was >20/60 in 223 (55.3%) and 377 (56.3%) operated eyes in Groups 1 and 2, respectively ( p < 0.001, analysis of variance). With further follow-up, >20/60 vision was significantly higher in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (odds ratio = 1.61; 95% confidence interval = 0.85-3.02). Overall, 600 eyes (55.7%) regained final visual acuity >20/60.

CONCLUSION

Closed-globe injury has more favourable prognosis for the satisfactory (>20/60) visual recovery after effective management of traumatic cataracts in children.