Fidelis E G, Farias E S, Silva R S, Lopes M C, Silva N R, Picanço M C
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária,EMBRAPA Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima 69308-050,Brazil.
Departamento de Entomologia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900,Brazil.
Bull Entomol Res. 2019 Jun;109(3):325-332. doi: 10.1017/S0007485318000548. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Lipaphis erysimi (L.) Kaltenbach (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of brassica crops, mainly causing losses due to sap sucking, toxin injection and viral transmission. Knowledge about the main natural factors that regulate populations of this pest, as well as its critical mortality stage, is crucial for the development of integrated pest management of L. erysimi. Here, we determined the critical stage and key mortality factors for L. erysimi in cabbage using an ecological life table. Causes of mortality at each stage of L. erysimi development were monitored daily in the field for seven seasons. From the experimental data, we determined the key factor and critical stage of mortality through correlation and regression analyses. The nymphal stage, especially first instar nymphs, was critical for L. erysimi mortality. The key mortality factors were, in descending order of importance, physiological disturbances and predation by Syrphidae, Coccinellidae and Solenopsis ants. Therefore, control measures should target early stages of L. erysimi and the use of cabbage cultivars that have negative effects against L. erysimi may be a promising strategy for its management. Our results may be useful for plant geneticists who could develop new cabbage cultivars based on these findings. In addition, conservation measures of the main predators of L. erysimi may contribute to the natural control of this pest.
甘蓝蚜（Lipaphis erysimi (L.) Kaltenbach，半翅目：蚜科）是十字花科作物最重要的害虫之一，主要通过吸食汁液、注射毒素和传播病毒造成损失。了解调控这种害虫种群数量的主要自然因素及其关键死亡阶段，对于制定甘蓝蚜的综合虫害管理措施至关重要。在此，我们使用生态生命表确定了甘蓝蚜在甘蓝上的关键阶段和关键死亡因素。在七个季节里，每天在田间监测甘蓝蚜发育各阶段的死亡原因。根据实验数据，我们通过相关性和回归分析确定了死亡的关键因素和关键阶段。若虫期，尤其是一龄若虫，对甘蓝蚜的死亡至关重要。关键死亡因素按重要性降序排列依次为生理干扰以及食蚜蝇科、瓢虫科和火蚁的捕食。因此，防治措施应针对甘蓝蚜的早期阶段，使用对甘蓝蚜有负面影响的甘蓝品种可能是一种有前景的管理策略。我们的结果可能对植物遗传学家有用，他们可以基于这些发现培育新的甘蓝品种。此外，保护甘蓝蚜主要捕食者的措施可能有助于对这种害虫进行自然控制。
