Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, SG2M-LGPMM, Ifremer, Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS-Ifremer-UM-UPVD, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon - CC80, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec;20(12):4343-4355. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14350. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
Although vibrios are frequently associated with marine organisms mortality outbreaks, knowledge on their ecology and pathogenicity is sparse, thus limiting disease management and prophylactic strategies. Here, we investigated V. aestuarianus infection onset and progression in the wild, taking advantage of a 'claire' pond: a semi-closed system with limited seawater renewal, theoretically more adapted to disease transmission. We showed a positive association of the bacteria with oysters, which can constitute a reservoir for the bacteria in the winter. Moreover, passage through oysters was found to be necessary for experimental disease reproduction as vibrios shedding from diseased oysters have higher infectivity than from in vitro grown. We next developed an experimental 'ecologically realistic' infection model in a mesocosm, allowing infection by natural route. By means of this non-invasive protocol, we analysed the pathogenesis of the bacteria and demonstrated the importance of haemolymph for initial colonization and the septicaemic nature of this disease.
虽然弧菌经常与海洋生物的死亡爆发有关，但对其生态和致病性的了解很少，从而限制了疾病的管理和预防策略。在这里，我们利用一个“claire”池塘研究了野生环境中 V. aestuarianus 的感染开始和进展：这是一个半封闭系统，海水更新有限，理论上更适合疾病传播。我们发现细菌与牡蛎呈正相关，牡蛎在冬季可能是细菌的储存库。此外，我们发现牡蛎的传递是实验性疾病复制所必需的，因为来自患病牡蛎的弧菌脱落比体外生长的更具感染力。接下来，我们在中观模型中开发了一种具有生态现实意义的实验性感染模型，允许通过自然途径感染。通过这种非侵入性的方案，我们分析了细菌的发病机制，并证明了血淋巴对初始定植的重要性，以及这种疾病的败血症性质。
