Hartnett Elizabeth A, Léveillé Alexandre N, French Shannon K, Clow Katie M, Shirose Lenny, Jardine Claire M
1 Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
2 Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Parasitol. 2018 Oct;104(5):457-464. doi: 10.1645/17-202. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Macracanthorhynchus ingens is an acanthocephalan parasite commonly found in raccoons ( Procyon lotor) in the United States. Little is known, however, about the prevalence and distribution of M. ingens in raccoons in Canada. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors associated with M. ingens infection in raccoons in southern Ontario, Canada. Raccoon carcasses submitted to the Ontario/Nunavut region of the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative for post mortem from June 2016 to January 2017 (n = 380) were examined for the presence of gastrointestinal helminths. Macracanthorhynchus ingens was found in raccoons from areas across southern Ontario where carcasses were submitted. The prevalence of M. ingens in our sample was 14.0% (95% CI = 10.6-17.8) with a median of 4 worms per infected host (range 1-46). Univariable logistic regression modeling was conducted to examine the influence of age, sex, season, degree of urbanization (urban/suburban/rural), and Baylisascaris procyonis infection on the presence of M. ingens. Significant associations were found between M. ingens infection and degree of urbanization as well as B. procyonis infection. No associations were found between M. ingens infection and age, sex, or season. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the prevalence and distribution of M. ingens in raccoons in Canada.
巨吻棘头虫是一种棘头虫寄生虫，在美国浣熊（北美浣熊）中很常见。然而，对于加拿大浣熊体内巨吻棘头虫的流行情况和分布却知之甚少。我们的目标是调查加拿大安大略省南部浣熊体内巨吻棘头虫感染的流行情况、分布及相关风险因素。对2016年6月至2017年1月提交给加拿大野生动物健康合作组织安大略/努纳武特地区进行尸检的浣熊尸体（n = 380）进行了胃肠道蠕虫检查。在提交尸体的安大略省南部各地的浣熊中发现了巨吻棘头虫。我们样本中巨吻棘头虫的感染率为14.0%（95%置信区间 = 10.6 - 17.8），每只感染宿主的蠕虫中位数为4条（范围1 - 46条）。进行单变量逻辑回归建模，以检验年龄、性别、季节、城市化程度（城市/郊区/农村）和浣熊贝蛔虫感染对巨吻棘头虫存在的影响。发现巨吻棘头虫感染与城市化程度以及浣熊贝蛔虫感染之间存在显著关联。未发现巨吻棘头虫感染与年龄、性别或季节之间存在关联。据我们所知，这是第一份描述加拿大浣熊体内巨吻棘头虫流行情况和分布的报告。
