State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Aug 31;84(18). doi: 10.1128/AEM.00614-18. Print 2018 Sep 15.
Microbial population size, production, diversity, and community structure are greatly influenced by the surrounding physicochemical conditions, such as large-scale biogeographic provinces and water masses. An oceanic mesoscale dipole consists of a cyclonic eddy and an anticyclonic eddy. Dipoles occur frequently in the ocean and usually last from a few days to several months; they have significant impacts on local and global oceanic biological, ecological, and geochemical processes. To better understand how dipoles shape microbial communities, we examined depth-resolved distributions of microbial communities across a dipole in the South China Sea. Our data demonstrated that the dipole had a substantial influence on microbial distributions, community structure, and functional groups both vertically and horizontally. Large alpha and beta diversity differences were observed between anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies in surface and subsurface layers, consistent with distribution changes of major bacterial groups in the dipole. The dipole created uplift, downward transport, enrichment, depletion, and horizontal transport effects. We also found that the edge of the dipole might induce strong subduction, indicated by the presence of and in deep waters. Our findings suggest that dipoles, with their unique characteristics, might act as a driver for microbial community dynamics. Oceanic dipoles, which consist of a cyclonic eddy and an anticyclonic eddy together, are among the most contrasted phenomena in the ocean. Dipoles generate strong vertical mixing and horizontal advection, inducing biological responses. This study provides vertical profiles of microbial abundance, diversity, and community structure in a mesoscale dipole. We identify the links between the physical oceanography and microbial oceanography and demonstrate that the dipole, with its unique features, could act as a driver for microbial community dynamics, which may have large impacts on both the local and global marine biogeochemical cycles.
微生物种群大小、生产力、多样性和群落结构受周围物理化学条件的影响很大，如大规模的生物地理省份和水团。海洋中尺度偶极子由一个气旋式涡旋和一个反气旋式涡旋组成。偶极子在海洋中频繁出现，通常持续数天到数月；它们对局部和全球海洋生物、生态和地球化学过程有重大影响。为了更好地了解偶极子如何塑造微生物群落，我们研究了南海偶极子内微生物群落的深度分布。我们的数据表明，偶极子对微生物分布、群落结构和功能组具有垂直和水平方向的显著影响。在表层和次表层，反气旋和气旋涡旋之间存在着大的 alpha 和 beta 多样性差异，与偶极子中主要细菌群的分布变化一致。偶极子产生了上升、向下输送、富集、贫化和水平输送效应。我们还发现，偶极子的边缘可能会引发强烈的俯冲，这一点可以通过深海中的 和 的存在来证明。我们的研究结果表明，偶极子以其独特的特征，可能成为微生物群落动力学的驱动力。偶极子由一个气旋式涡旋和一个反气旋式涡旋组成，是海洋中最具对比性的现象之一。偶极子产生强烈的垂直混合和水平平流，诱导生物响应。本研究提供了中尺度偶极子中微生物丰度、多样性和群落结构的垂直剖面。我们确定了物理海洋学和微生物海洋学之间的联系，并证明了偶极子以其独特的特征可以作为微生物群落动力学的驱动力，这可能对局部和全球海洋生物地球化学循环产生重大影响。
