不同却又相似：外科医生和内科医生的人格特质——一项横断面观察性研究的结果
Different but similar: personality traits of surgeons and internists-results of a cross-sectional observational study.
作者信息
Stienen Martin N, Scholtes Felix, Samuel Robin, Weil Alexander, Weyerbrock Astrid, Surbeck Werner
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery and Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Neurosurgery, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2018 Jul 7;8(7):e021310. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021310.
OBJECTIVES
Medical practice may attract and possibly enhance distinct personality profiles. We set out to describe the personality profiles of surgical and medical specialties focusing on board-certified physicians.
DESIGN
Prospective, observational.
SETTING
Online survey containing the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), an internationally validated measure of the Five Factor Model of personality dimensions, distributed to board-certified physicians, residents and medical students in several European countries and Canada. Differences in personality profiles were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance and Canonical Linear Discriminant Analysis on age-standardised and sex-standardised z-scores of the personality traits. Single personality traits were analysed using robust t-tests.
PARTICIPANTS
The TIPI was completed by 2345 board-certified physicians, 1453 residents and 1350 medical students, who also provided demographic information.
RESULTS
Normal population and board-certified physicians' personality profiles differed (p<0.001). The latter scored higher on conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness, but lower on neuroticism (all p<0.001). There was no difference in openness to experience. Board-certified surgical and medical doctors' personality profiles were also different (p<0.001). Surgeons scored higher on extraversion (p=0.003) and openness to experience (p=0.002), but lower on neuroticism (p<0.001). There was no difference in agreeableness and conscientiousness. These differences in personality profiles were reproduced at other levels of training, that is, in students and training physicians engaging in surgical versus medical practice.
CONCLUSION
These results indicate the existence of a distinct and consistent average 'physician personality'. Despite high variability within disciplines, there are moderate but solid and reproducible differences between surgical and medical specialties.
目的
医疗实践可能吸引并有可能强化不同的人格特征。我们旨在描述以外科和内科专科为主的、获得委员会认证的医生的人格特征。
设计
前瞻性观察研究。
背景
在线调查，内容包括十项人格量表（TIPI），这是一种经国际验证的人格维度五因素模型测量工具，分发给几个欧洲国家和加拿大的获得委员会认证的医生、住院医师和医学生。使用多变量方差分析和典型线性判别分析，对人格特质的年龄标准化和性别标准化z分数进行人格特征差异分析。使用稳健t检验分析单一人格特质。
参与者
2345名获得委员会认证的医生、1453名住院医师和1350名医学生完成了TIPI量表，他们还提供了人口统计学信息。
结果
普通人群和获得委员会认证的医生的人格特征存在差异（p<0.001）。后者在尽责性、外向性和宜人性方面得分较高，但在神经质方面得分较低（均p<0.001）。在经验开放性方面没有差异。获得委员会认证的外科医生和内科医生的人格特征也不同（p<0.001）。外科医生在外向性方面得分较高（p=0.003），在经验开放性方面得分较高（p=0.002），但在神经质方面得分较低（p<0.001）。在宜人性和尽责性方面没有差异。这些人格特征差异在其他培训水平上也有体现，即在从事外科与内科实践的学生和培训医生中。
结论
这些结果表明存在一种独特且一致的平均“医生人格”。尽管各学科内部存在高度变异性，但外科和内科专科之间存在适度但稳定且可重复的差异。
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