Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing, 100124, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Jul 7;190(8):451. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6834-9.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a key role in air pollution of China. Among various sources, petrochemical industry is one of the important contributors, but its VOC emission estimate still exists a big uncertainty. Therefore, this study developed an inverse-dispersion calculation method (IDM), and applied it in a typical petrochemical plant that manufactures ethylene (170 kt/year), polyethylene (100 kt/year), and polypropylene (61 kt/year), and determined the VOC emission amount for this complex industrial area source. Firstly, this study monitored VOC concentrations around this plant in April of 2017, and found that the VOCs at downwind receptors was obviously higher than the level at background, higher by 20.7 ppb on average. This VOC increment was mainly contributed by ethylene (30.4%), propylene (17.8%), pentanes (16.4%), and butanes (13.4%), which is consistent with the knowledge of VOC components emitted from the manufacturing of ethylene, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Then, by using the inverse-dispersion calculation method (IDM), we determined the relationship coefficient γ between source emission rate and ambient concentration for each receptor of each test based on an assumed source emission rate, combined γ with the actual VOC concentrations measured in monitoring tests, and estimated the average VOCs emission of 666.0 tons/year for this plant, including 18.1 tons for ethane, 21.1 tons for propane, 61.6 tons for isobutane, 44.3 tons for n-butane, 79.3 tons for isopentane, 56.8 tons for n-pentane, 115.4 tons for ethylene, 102.5 tons for propylene, 92.7 tons for benzene, and 74.1 tons for toluene. Our IDM estimate was in the same order with the traditional emission factor method estimate (916.4 tons VOCs per year for this plant), and we believed the IDM can be applied to effectively estimate the VOCs emissions for those complicated industrial sources.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在中国的空气污染中起着关键作用。在各种来源中，石化工业是重要的贡献者之一，但它的 VOC 排放估算仍然存在很大的不确定性。因此，本研究开发了一种反扩散计算方法（IDM），并将其应用于一个典型的石化厂，该石化厂生产乙烯（170kt/年）、聚乙烯（100kt/年）和聚丙烯（61kt/年），并确定了该复杂工业区域源的 VOC 排放量。首先，本研究于 2017 年 4 月监测了该工厂周围的 VOC 浓度，发现下风受体处的 VOC 明显高于背景水平，平均高出 20.7ppb。这种 VOC 增量主要由乙烯（30.4%）、丙烯（17.8%）、戊烷（16.4%）和丁烷（13.4%）贡献，这与乙烯、聚乙烯和聚丙烯生产过程中 VOC 成分的知识一致。然后，通过使用反扩散计算方法（IDM），我们基于假设的源排放率，为每个测试的每个受体确定了源排放率与环境浓度之间的关系系数γ，将γ与监测测试中实际测量的 VOC 浓度结合起来，估计该工厂的平均 VOC 排放量为 666.0 吨/年，其中乙烷 18.1 吨、丙烷 21.1 吨、异丁烷 61.6 吨、正丁烷 44.3 吨、异戊烷 79.3 吨、正戊烷 56.8 吨、乙烯 115.4 吨、丙烯 102.5 吨、苯 92.7 吨和甲苯 74.1 吨。我们的 IDM 估计与传统的排放因子法估计（该工厂每年 916.4 吨 VOCs）大致相同，我们相信 IDM 可以有效地用于估计那些复杂的工业源的 VOCs 排放量。
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