观测和分析中国长三角地区一个典型石化区的大气挥发性有机化合物。
Observation and analysis of atmospheric volatile organic compounds in a typical petrochemical area in Yangtze River Delta, China.
机构信息
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
出版信息
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Sep;71:233-248. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.027. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a kind of important precursors for ozone photochemical formation. In this study, VOCs were measured from November 5th, 2013 to January 6th, 2014 at the Second Jinshan Industrial Area, Shanghai, China. The results showed that the measured VOCs were dominated by alkanes (41.8%), followed by aromatics (20.1%), alkenes (17.9%), and halo-hydrocarbons (12.5%). The daily trend of the VOC concentration showed a bimodal feature due to the rush-hour traffic in the morning and at nightfall. Based on the VOC concentration, a receptor model of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) coupled with the information related to VOC sources was applied to identify the major VOC emissions. The result showed five major VOC sources: solvent use and industrial processes were responsible for about 30% of the ambient VOCs, followed by rubber chemical industrial emissions (23%), refinery and petrochemical industrial emissions (21%), fuel evaporations (13%) and vehicular emissions (13%). The contribution of generalized industrial emissions was about 74% and significantly higher than that made by vehicle exhaust. Using a propylene-equivalent method, alkenes displayed the highest concentration, followed by aromatics and alkanes. Based on a maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method, the average hourly ozone formation potential (OFP) of VOCs is 220.49 ppbv. The most significant source for ozone chemical formation was identified to be rubber chemical industrial emissions, following one by vehicular emission. The data shown herein may provide useful information to develop effective VOC pollution control strategies in industrialized area.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）是臭氧光化学形成的重要前体之一。本研究于 2013 年 11 月 5 日至 2014 年 1 月 6 日在中国上海第二金山工业区对 VOCs 进行了测量。结果表明，所测量的 VOCs 主要由烷烃（41.8%）、芳烃（20.1%）、烯烃（17.9%）和卤代烃（12.5%）组成。由于早晚高峰时段的交通流量，VOC 浓度的日变化趋势呈双峰特征。基于 VOC 浓度，应用正矩阵因子化（PMF）受体模型结合与 VOC 源相关的信息，以识别主要 VOC 排放源。结果表明有五个主要 VOC 排放源：溶剂使用和工业过程占环境 VOC 的 30%左右，其次是橡胶化学工业排放（23%）、炼油和石化工业排放（21%）、燃料蒸发（13%）和车辆排放（13%）。广义工业排放的贡献约为 74%，明显高于车辆尾气的贡献。使用丙烯当量法，烯烃的浓度最高，其次是芳烃和烷烃。基于最大增量反应性（MIR）方法，VOCs 的平均小时臭氧形成潜力（OFP）为 220.49 ppbv。臭氧化学形成的最重要来源被确定为橡胶化学工业排放，其次是车辆排放。本文的数据可为制定工业化地区有效的 VOC 污染控制策略提供有用信息。
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