学校护士在1型糖尿病患儿护理中的作用——患者及其家长的观点：文献综述
The Role of a School Nurse in the Care of a Child with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 - The Perspectives of Patients and their Parents: Literature Review.
作者信息
Stefanowicz Anna, Stefanowicz Joanna
机构信息
Medical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Health Sciences with Subfaculty of Nursing and Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Subfaculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Department of General Nursing, Pediatric Nursing Workshop, Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
Medical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Haemathology & Oncology, Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
出版信息
Zdr Varst. 2018 Jun 21;57(3):166-174. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2018-0021. eCollection 2018 Jun.
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this literature review was to explore the views of parents and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus regarding having a school nurse.
METHODS
Six databases were selected for the analysis. The research strategy was based on the PICO model. The research participants were children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and/or their parents.
RESULTS
The present review of research papers includes 12 publications. The majority of works deal with the perspectives of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents on various aspects related to the role of a school nurse in the care of a child with type 1 diabetes:the presence of a school nurse;the role of a school nurse in the prevention and treatment of hypoglycaemia, in performing the measurements of blood glucose, and in insulin therapy;the role of a nurse in improving metabolic control of children with type 1 diabetes;a nurse as an educator for children with type 1 diabetes, classmates, teachers, teacher's assistants, principals, administrators, cafeteria workers, coaches, gym teachers, bus drivers, and school office staff;a nurse as an organiser of the care for children with type 1 diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
According to parents and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, various forms of school nurse support (i.e., checking blood glucose, giving insulin, giving glucagon, treating low and high blood glucose levels, carbohydrate counting) are consistently effective and should have an impact on the condition, improvement of metabolic control, school activity and safety at school.
引言
本综述的目的是探讨1型糖尿病患儿及其家长对于学校配备护士的看法。
方法
选择六个数据库进行分析。研究策略基于PICO模型。研究参与者为1型糖尿病患儿和/或其家长。
结果
本次对研究论文的综述涵盖12篇出版物。大多数研究涉及1型糖尿病患儿及其家长对学校护士在照顾1型糖尿病患儿方面各种作用的看法：学校护士的配备情况；学校护士在低血糖预防和治疗、血糖测量及胰岛素治疗中的作用；护士在改善1型糖尿病患儿代谢控制方面的作用；护士作为1型糖尿病患儿、同学、教师、助教、校长、管理人员、食堂工作人员、教练、体育教师、公交司机及学校办公室工作人员的教育者的作用；护士作为1型糖尿病患儿护理组织者的作用。
结论
根据1型糖尿病患儿及其家长的看法，学校护士提供的各种形式的支持（如检查血糖、注射胰岛素、注射胰高血糖素、治疗低血糖和高血糖水平、计算碳水化合物摄入量）始终有效，且应能对病情、代谢控制改善、学校活动及在校安全产生影响。
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