Sharma Manoj, Anyimukwu Chizoba, Kim Richard W, Nahar Vinayak K, Ford M Allison
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2018 Aug 1;118(8):519-530. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2018.120.
Binge drinking is a salient problem on college campuses, with estimates as high as 40% of students engaging in it. Binge drinking is associated with numerous negative consequences among college students, such as suicide attempts, unsafe sex practices, property damage, and driving under the influence. Several behavioral approaches in this regard have had modest impact and only short-term effects, however.
To use the multitheory model (MTM) of health behavior change to predict initiation and sustenance of responsible drinking or abstinence among binge-drinking college students in a sample drawn from a large southern public university.
This cross-sectional survey study included a sample of college students who binge drank in the past 30 days. A 39-item face- and content-valid instrument was used. In addition, construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability using the Cronbach α were established. Hierarchical regression modeling was used to build models.
A total of 289 students participated. The Cronbach α for the scale and all subscales ranged from 0.81 to 0.94 and demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability. Construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis yielded 1-factor solutions for each of the subscales. On hierarchical regression modeling, gender (P=.05), race/ethnicity (P=.004), behavioral confidence (P=.029), and changes in physical environment (P=.001) were associated with intended initiation for drinking responsibly/abstinence behavior change. The addition of MTM constructs led to a significant increase in R2 of 0.20 (F3,194=18.1; P<.001). The sustenance constructs yielded a significant increase in R2 of 0.20 (F3,193=19.4; P<.001).
This study provides empirical justification for MTM constructs that can be used to inculcate the intention to drink responsibly or abstain among college students who binge drink. This predictive model may prove valuable in the design of interventions aiming to improve responsible drinking behavior in this population.
酗酒是大学校园里一个突出的问题，据估计高达40%的学生有酗酒行为。酗酒与大学生的诸多负面后果相关，比如自杀企图、不安全的性行为、财产损失以及酒后驾车。然而，这方面的几种行为方法影响有限且只是短期效果。
运用健康行为改变的多理论模型（MTM）来预测一所大型南方公立大学抽取的样本中，酗酒大学生负责任饮酒或戒酒行为的起始和维持情况。
这项横断面调查研究纳入了过去30天内有酗酒行为的大学生样本。使用了一份有39个条目的内容和表面有效的量表。此外，通过验证性因素分析确立了结构效度，通过克朗巴赫α系数确立了内部一致性信度。采用分层回归建模来构建模型。
共有289名学生参与。该量表及其所有子量表的克朗巴赫α系数在0.81至0.94之间，显示出可接受的内部一致性信度。通过验证性因素分析得出的结构效度显示每个子量表均为单因素解。在分层回归建模中，性别（P = 0.05）、种族/民族（P = 0.004）、行为信心（P = 0.029）以及物理环境变化（P = 0.001）与负责任饮酒/戒酒行为改变的预期起始相关。加入MTM结构导致R²显著增加0.20（F3,194 = 18.1；P < 0.001）。维持结构使R²显著增加0.20（F3,193 = 19.4；P < 0.001）。
本研究为MTM结构提供了实证依据，这些结构可用于向酗酒大学生灌输负责任饮酒或戒酒的意愿。这个预测模型在旨在改善该人群负责任饮酒行为的干预措施设计中可能具有重要价值。
