自然灾害中的眼部发病率：2010-2015 年野战医院的经验。
Ocular morbidity in natural disasters: field hospital experience 2010-2015.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.
出版信息
Eye (Lond). 2018 Nov;32(11):1717-1722. doi: 10.1038/s41433-018-0167-3. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
PURPOSE
To determine the characteristics of ocular injuries treated by Israel Defense Forces (IDF) field hospital following three natural disasters: the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, the 2013 typhoon in the Philippines, and the 2015 earthquake and avalanche in Nepal. The purpose was to provide data, which would assist allocation of ocular resources for future disasters.
DESIGN
Retrospective database study.
METHODS
Ocular clinical data collected from the IDF database. Time postdisaster was divided into three periods: 4-8, 9-12, and 13-16 days. Diagnoses were categorized as disaster-related (DRD), defined as directly resulting from the disaster (mostly ocular trauma), and nondisaster-related (NDRD), defined as preexisting conditions or results of postevent living conditions problems.
RESULTS
The field hospitals began functioning 3-8 days after the disaster and continued for 10.3 ± 1.5 days. Ocular conditions were treated in 265 (4.9%) of the total 5356 patients. Sixty-five cases were DRD and 200 were NDRD. Around day 9 postdisaster the predominant ocular referral changed from DRD to NDRD.
CONCLUSIONS
Deployment of a field hospital to a natural disaster area should take into account the type and geographic location of the disaster as well as the high number of nontraumatic ocular conditions.
目的
确定以色列国防军（IDF）野战医院治疗三次自然灾害（2010 年海地地震、2013 年菲律宾台风和 2015 年尼泊尔地震和雪崩）后眼部受伤的特征。目的是提供数据，以协助未来灾难中眼部资源的分配。
设计
回顾性数据库研究。
方法
从 IDF 数据库中收集眼部临床数据。将灾后时间分为三个时期：4-8 天、9-12 天和 13-16 天。诊断分为灾害相关（DRD）和非灾害相关（NDRD）。DRD 定义为直接由灾害引起（主要为眼部创伤），NDRD 定义为原有疾病或灾后生活条件问题所致。
结果
野战医院在灾难发生后 3-8 天开始运作，持续了 10.3±1.5 天。在 5356 名患者中，有 265 名（4.9%）患有眼部疾病。65 例为 DRD，200 例为 NDRD。灾后第 9 天左右，主要的眼部转诊从 DRD 转变为 NDRD。
结论
向自然灾害地区部署野战医院时，应考虑灾害的类型和地理位置以及大量非创伤性眼部疾病。
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