Reproductive Justice Clinic, New York University School of Law, New York, NY, USA.
National Advocates for Pregnant Women, New York, NY, USA.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Oct;143(1):121-126. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12596. Epub 2018 Jul 30.
El Salvador's criminal abortion law-one of the few in the world that prohibits all abortions and that is actively enforced against women-harms women's health and undermines the ethical duties of Salvadoran physicians and the standing of the medical profession. Under the criminal abortion regime, physicians are incentivized to disclose their patients' confidential medical information, in violation of their ethical duties, and public healthcare facilities have become sites of criminal investigation. These investigations target women not only for illegal abortions, but also for miscarriages and obstetric emergencies. The ban further prevents physicians from providing medical care that is often necessary to preserve a woman's life or health. Finally, by criminalizing women's pregnancy outcomes, the regime undermines the country's recent public health improvement efforts and compounds the marginalization of women and girls from its most vulnerable communities, in violation of the state's international human rights obligations.
萨尔瓦多的刑事堕胎法是世界上少数几个全面禁止堕胎且积极针对妇女实施的法律之一，该法律损害了妇女的健康，并损害了萨尔瓦多医生的职业道德义务和医疗行业的地位。在刑事堕胎制度下，医生受到激励去披露他们病人的机密医疗信息，这违反了他们的职业道德义务，而公共医疗设施也变成了刑事调查的场所。这些调查不仅针对因非法堕胎的妇女，还针对流产和产科急症的妇女。该禁令还进一步阻止医生提供通常对保护妇女生命或健康所必需的医疗服务。最后，通过将妇女的怀孕结果定为犯罪，该制度破坏了该国最近为改善公共卫生所做的努力，并加剧了妇女和女孩在最脆弱社区中的边缘化，这违反了国家的国际人权义务。
