Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan.
New Phytol. 2019 Jan;221(1):99-104. doi: 10.1111/nph.15334. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Contents Summary 99 I. Introduction 99 II. Life cycle of Closterium 100 III. Sexual reproductive processes in the heterothallic Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale complex 101 IV. Homothallism in the C. psl. complex 102 V. Sexual reproduction and inheritance of mating types in Closterium ehrenbergii 102 VI. mt-determining gene of the C. psl. complex 103 VII. Future perspectives 103 Acknowledgements 103 References 103 SUMMARY: Closterium occupies a key phylogenetic position as an ancestor of land plants and is the best-characterized Charophycean alga in terms of the process of sexual reproduction. Zygospores form as a result of sexual reproduction between genetically determined mating type plus (mt ) and mating type minus (mt ) cells in heterothallic strains, or between clonal cells in homothallic strains. Here we review knowledge on the intercellular communication and mating type determination for successful sexual reproduction in Closterium. Using genomic information and transgenic techniques, the genus could be a model organism to study the mechanisms and evolution of sexual reproduction in streptophytes.
内容摘要 99 I. 引言 99 II. 胶网藻的生活史 100 III. 异配性胶网藻复合体中两性生殖的过程 101 IV. C.psl. 复合体中的同配性 102 V. 胶网藻 Ehrenberg 的有性生殖和交配型遗传 102 VI. C.psl. 复合体的 mt 决定基因 103 VII. 未来展望 103 致谢 103 参考文献 103 摘要：胶网藻作为陆地植物的祖先，在系统发生上占据关键位置，并且是有性生殖过程中被研究得最好的石莼纲藻类。在异配性菌株中，雌雄配子体通过遗传上确定的交配型+（mt+）和交配型-（mt-）细胞之间，或在同配性菌株中通过克隆细胞之间的有性生殖形成接合孢子。本文综述了胶网藻成功有性生殖过程中细胞间通讯和交配型决定的知识。利用基因组信息和转基因技术，该属可以作为研究有丝分裂植物有性生殖机制和进化的模式生物。
